Toyoda Yasuhiro, Nakayama Atsuko, Fujiwara Hidekazu, Sana Kazuhiro, Matsuo Yoshio, Tanaka Hiroyuki, Takatorige Toshio, Iso Hiroyasu
Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2008 Apr;55(4):247-53.
The purpose of this study was to investigate suicides, both completed and attempted, in communities according to prehospital records.
A total of 246 suicide attempts made by 196 persons were confirmed by examination of the pre-hospital records of Kishiwada City Fire and Emergency Department between April 2004 and March 2006. We investigated these cases for distribution of sex, age, suicide methods, month, day of the week and the time emergency services were called.
Within the group of 196 persons, completed suicides accounted for 52 (32 males and 20 females), and attempted suicides for 144 (32 males and 112 females). Female suicide attempts were often repeated during the period of the investigation. Completed male suicides were middle-aged or elderly, while completed female suicides were mainly in their forties. Attempted male suicides showed a wide age distribution, while almost all attempted female suicides were in their twenties or thirties. The most common methods for completed male suicides were hanging and gassing, while those for completed female suicides were hanging and jumping. The most common methods of attempted male and female suicides were slashing of an arm or a leg, and drug overdose. As for month of the year, completed male suicides often occurred in April, May and June, while completed females suicides were often committed in November. Attempted male suicides often occurred in July, August, and September, while attempted female suicides often occurred in January, August, and September. As for the day of the week, completed male suicides frequently occurred on Monday and Wednesday, while those by females were most often perpetrated on Sunday. Attempted male suicides were often committed on Friday, while attempted female suicides were often performed on Monday and Tuesday. As for the time emergency services were called, for completed suicides, these were often in early morning to afternoon for both male and female victims. For attempted male suicides, they were typically in the morning and evening, and quite a few females attempted suicide in the morning.
Most suicide attempts for which ambulances were dispatched were committed by females. Females attempting suicide were younger than their male counterparts, and they frequently made repeated suicide attempts. Introduction of measures for suicide prevention considering these points is a high priority.
本研究旨在根据院前记录调查社区中已完成的自杀和自杀未遂情况。
通过查阅2004年4月至2006年3月岸和田市消防和急救部门的院前记录，确认了196人共246次自杀未遂事件。我们对这些案例进行了调查，包括性别、年龄、自杀方式、月份、星期几以及呼叫急救服务的时间分布。
在196人中，已完成自杀的有52人（男性32人，女性20人），自杀未遂的有144人（男性32人，女性112人）。在调查期间，女性自杀未遂情况经常反复出现。已完成自杀的男性为中年或老年，而女性主要为四十多岁。自杀未遂的男性年龄分布广泛，而几乎所有自杀未遂的女性都在二十多岁或三十多岁。已完成自杀的男性最常见的方式是上吊和煤气中毒，而女性则是上吊和跳楼。自杀未遂的男性和女性最常见的方式是割手臂或腿以及过量服药。至于一年中的月份，已完成自杀的男性经常发生在4月、5月和6月，而女性则经常在11月。自杀未遂的男性经常发生在7月、8月和9月，而女性则经常在1月、8月和9月。至于星期几，已完成自杀的男性经常发生在周一和周三，而女性则最常发生在周日。自杀未遂的男性经常在周五实施，而女性则经常在周一和周二。至于呼叫急救服务的时间，对于已完成自杀的情况，男性和女性受害者通常在清晨至下午。对于自杀未遂的男性，通常在上午和晚上，相当多的女性在上午尝试自杀。
大多数派出救护车的自杀未遂事件是由女性实施的。试图自杀的女性比男性年轻，并且她们经常反复尝试自杀。考虑到这些要点引入自杀预防措施是当务之急。
