Alsop Brent, Jones B Max
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, New Zealand.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2008 May;89(3):311-31. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2008-89-311.
Six pigeons were trained in a delayed matching-to-sample task involving bright- and dim-yellow samples on a central key, a five-peck response requirement to either sample, a constant 1.5-s delay, and the presentation of comparison stimuli composed of red on the left key and green on the right key or vice versa. Green-key responses were occasionally reinforced following the dimmer-yellow sample, and red-key responses were occasionally reinforced following the brighter-yellow sample. Reinforcer delivery was controlled such that the distribution of reinforcers across both comparison-stimulus color and comparison-stimulus location could be varied systematically and independently across conditions. Matching accuracy was high throughout. The ratio of left to right side-key responses increased as the ratio of left to right reinforcers increased, the ratio of red to green responses increased as the ratio of red to green reinforcers increased, and there was no interaction between these variables. However, side-key biases were more sensitive to the distribution of reinforcers across key location than were comparison-color biases to the distribution of reinforcers across key color. An extension of Davison and Tustin's (1978) model of DMTS performance fit the data well, but the results were also consistent with an alternative theory of conditional discrimination performance (Jones, 2003) that calls for a conceptually distinct quantitative model.
六只鸽子接受了一项延迟匹配样本任务的训练，该任务涉及中央按键上的亮黄色和暗黄色样本，对任一样本都有五次啄击的反应要求，固定的1.5秒延迟，以及由左键上的红色和右键上的绿色或反之组成的比较刺激的呈现。在较暗的黄色样本之后，偶尔会强化对绿色按键的反应；在较亮的黄色样本之后，偶尔会强化对红色按键的反应。强化物的发放受到控制，以便在不同条件下，强化物在比较刺激颜色和比较刺激位置上的分布可以系统地、独立地变化。整个过程中匹配准确率都很高。随着左右强化物比例的增加，左右侧键反应的比例也增加；随着红绿强化物比例的增加，红绿反应的比例也增加，并且这些变量之间没有相互作用。然而，与比较颜色偏差对强化物在按键颜色上的分布相比，侧键偏差对强化物在按键位置上的分布更敏感。戴维森和塔斯汀（1978）的延迟匹配样本任务表现模型的扩展很好地拟合了数据，但结果也与条件辨别表现的另一种理论（琼斯，2003）一致，该理论需要一个概念上不同的定量模型。
