McCarthy D C, Davison M
Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1991 Jul;56(1):51-66. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1991.56-51.
In a symbolic matching-to-sample task, 6 pigeons obtained food by pecking a red side key when the brighter of two white lights had been presented on the center key and by pecking a green side key when the dimmer of two white lights had been presented on the center key. Across Part 1 and Parts 6 to 10, the delay between sample-stimulus presentation and the availability of the choice keys was varied between 0 s and 25 s. Across Parts 1 to 5, the delay between the emission of a correct choice and the delivery of a reinforcer was varied between 0 s and 30 s. Although increasing both types of delay decreased stimulus discriminability, lengthening the stimulus-choice delay produced a greater decrement in choice accuracy than did lengthening the choice-reinforcer delay. Additionally, the relative reinforcer rate for correct choice was varied across both types of delay. The sensitivity of behavior to the distribution of reinforcers decreased as discriminability decreased under both procedures. These data are consistent with the view, based on the generalized matching law, that sample stimuli and reinforcers interact in their control over remembering.
在一个符号匹配样本任务中，当两个白色灯光中较亮的那个出现在中央按键上时，6只鸽子通过啄红色侧键获得食物；当两个白色灯光中较暗的那个出现在中央按键上时，鸽子通过啄绿色侧键获得食物。在第1部分以及第6至10部分中，样本刺激呈现与选择按键可用之间的延迟在0秒至25秒之间变化。在第1至5部分中，正确选择发出与强化物交付之间的延迟在0秒至30秒之间变化。虽然增加这两种延迟都会降低刺激辨别力，但延长刺激 - 选择延迟比延长选择 - 强化物延迟导致的选择准确性下降更大。此外，正确选择的相对强化率在两种延迟类型中都有所变化。在两种程序下，随着辨别力下降，行为对强化物分布的敏感性也降低。这些数据与基于广义匹配定律的观点一致，即样本刺激和强化物在对记忆的控制中相互作用。
