Peveler Will W
University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Jul;22(4):1355-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318173dac6.
Research has demonstrated that properly adjusting saddle height is important for both performance and injury prevention during cycling. Peer-reviewed literature recommends the use of a 25 degrees to 35 degrees knee angle for injury prevention and 109% of inseam for optimal performance. Previous research has established that these 2 methods do not produce similar saddle heights. Previous research has also compared anaerobic power among a 25 degrees knee angle, a 35 degrees knee angle, and 109% of inseam and found an increase in anaerobic power at a 25 degrees knee angle. While anaerobic power production has been compared between these 2 methods, aerobic power and economy have not been. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in economy between these 2 methods of adjusting saddle height. Fifteen subjects, consisting of 5 cyclists (all men) and 10 noncyclists (2 men and 8 women), participated in this study. A graded exercise protocol was utilized in order to determine intensity for the remaining trials. On the last 3 trials, subjects rode for 15 minutes at the resistance at which they reached 70% of Vo2max on a cycle ergometer. Vo2, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were compared to detect differences in economy between saddle heights. No significant differences were noted in HR or RPE. Vo2 was found to be significantly lower at a saddle height set with a 25 degrees knee angle when compared to a 35 degrees knee angle and 109% of inseam. Findings from this study support the use of a 25 degrees knee angle for both performance and injury prevention.
研究表明，在骑行过程中，正确调整鞍座高度对于提高骑行表现和预防损伤都很重要。经过同行评审的文献建议，为预防损伤，膝盖角度应保持在25度至35度之间，为达到最佳表现，鞍座高度应为腿内侧长度的109%。此前的研究已证实，这两种方法得出的鞍座高度并不相同。此前的研究还比较了25度膝盖角度、35度膝盖角度以及腿内侧长度的109%这三种情况下的无氧功率，发现25度膝盖角度时无氧功率有所增加。虽然已对这两种方法的无氧功率进行了比较，但尚未对有氧功率和经济性进行比较。本研究的目的是确定这两种调整鞍座高度方法在经济性方面的差异。15名受试者参与了本研究，其中包括5名自行车运动员（均为男性）和10名非自行车运动员（2名男性和8名女性）。采用了分级运动方案来确定其余试验的强度。在最后3次试验中，受试者在自行车测力计上以达到其最大摄氧量70%的阻力骑行15分钟。比较了最大摄氧量、心率（HR）和自觉用力程度分级（RPE），以检测鞍座高度不同时经济性的差异。在心率或自觉用力程度分级方面未发现显著差异。与35度膝盖角度和腿内侧长度的109%相比，25度膝盖角度设置的鞍座高度下最大摄氧量显著更低。本研究结果支持采用25度膝盖角度来兼顾骑行表现和预防损伤。
