Prietsch Silvio O M, Fischer Gilberto B, César Juraci A, Lempek Berenice S, Barbosa Luciano V, Zogbi Luciano, Cardoso Olga C, Santos Adriana M
Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rua Dr. Nascimento 396, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2008 Jun;24(6):1429-38. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2008000600023.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of acute lower respiratory illness and to identify associated factors among children less than five years of age in the city of Rio Grande, southern Brazil. Using a cross-sectional survey, a standardized household questionnaire was applied to mothers or guardians. Information was collected on household conditions, socioeconomic status, and parental smoking. Prenatal care attendance, nutritional status, breastfeeding pattern, and use of health services for the children were also investigated. Data analysis was based on prevalence ratios and logistic regression, using a conceptual framework. Among 771 children studied, 23.9% presented acute lower respiratory illness. The main risk factors were previous episodes of acute lower respiratory infection or wheezing, crowding, maternal schooling less than five years, monthly family income less than US$ 200, four or more people per room, asthma in family members, and maternal smoking. Mothers 30 years or older were identified as a protective factor. These results can help define specific measures to reduce morbidity and mortality due to acute lower respiratory illness in this setting.
本研究旨在确定巴西南部里奥格兰德市五岁以下儿童急性下呼吸道疾病的患病率，并找出相关因素。采用横断面调查，对母亲或监护人发放标准化家庭问卷。收集了家庭状况、社会经济地位和父母吸烟情况等信息。还调查了产前检查参与情况、营养状况、母乳喂养方式以及儿童使用卫生服务的情况。数据分析基于患病率比和逻辑回归，采用概念框架。在771名研究儿童中，23.9%患有急性下呼吸道疾病。主要危险因素为既往急性下呼吸道感染或喘息发作、居住拥挤、母亲受教育年限不足五年、家庭月收入低于200美元、每间房居住四人或以上、家庭成员患有哮喘以及母亲吸烟。30岁及以上的母亲被确定为保护因素。这些结果有助于确定具体措施，以降低该地区因急性下呼吸道疾病导致的发病率和死亡率。
