Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, P.O.Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Feb 28;20(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-1997-2.
Acute respiratory infection is manifested by cough accompanied by short rapid breathing which may be associated with death especially when there are other co-morbidities. From an estimated 5.4 million children under -five years that died in 2017-roughly half of those deaths occurred in sub-Saharan Africa and acute respiratory infection contributed to the highest number of deaths. The current study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, acute respiratory infection hospitalization in under-five years children hospitalized at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out from May 01/2019 to July 10/2019. After the selection of participants using simple random sampling, face to face interview was performed using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data were also extracted from medical registration charts. We used EPI Info 7 for data entry and exported into SPSS 21 for analysis. Results were presented by simple frequency, percentage and mean for descriptive variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association of covariates and outcome variable. Variables with a p < 0.2 during the bivariable binary logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Variables with p < 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with acute respiratory infection. This study is reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline.
Four hundred and twenty-two under-five years' children attending the Pediatrics ward were included in this study. The prevalence of acute respiratory infection among under-five years' children in this study was 27.3%. Children aged below 12 months (AOR:3.39, 95% CI: 1.19, 9.65), maternal age of 16 to 27 years (AOR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.70), maternal age of 28 to 33 years (AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.40, 5.34), lack of maternal awareness of handwashing (AOR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.15, 6.76), rural residence (AOR:2.27, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.39), and lack of meningitis (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.55), were significantly associated with acute respiratory infection.
Acute respiratory infection was common among children under-five years. Child and maternal age, residence and maternal hand hygiene information were significant factors identified to be associated with an acute respiratory infection.
急性呼吸道感染的症状为咳嗽并伴有急促呼吸，这可能导致死亡，尤其是在伴有其他合并症时。在 2017 年估计有 540 万五岁以下儿童死亡-其中约一半发生在撒哈拉以南非洲，急性呼吸道感染是导致死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估五岁以下儿童因急性呼吸道感染住院的发生率和相关危险因素，这些儿童在贡德尔大学综合专科医院住院。
本研究是 2019 年 5 月 1 日至 7 月 10 日进行的一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样选择参与者后，使用半结构化预测试问卷进行面对面访谈。还从医疗登记卡中提取数据。我们使用 EPI Info 7 进行数据输入，并将其导出到 SPSS 21 进行分析。描述性变量用简单频率、百分比和平均值表示。使用二元逻辑回归分析检验协变量和结果变量之间的关联。在双变量二元逻辑回归分析中 p 值<0.2 的变量被纳入多变量逻辑回归分析。p 值<0.05 的变量被认为与急性呼吸道感染显著相关。本研究按照加强观察性研究在流行病学中的报告指南进行报告。
本研究共纳入 422 名五岁以下儿童。本研究中五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的患病率为 27.3%。12 个月以下儿童（AOR：3.39，95%CI：1.19，9.65）、母亲年龄 16 至 27 岁（AOR：1.95，95%CI：1.03，3.70）、母亲年龄 28 至 33 岁（AOR：2.73，95%CI：1.40，5.34）、母亲缺乏洗手意识（AOR：2.79，95%CI：1.15，6.76）、农村居住（AOR：2.27，95%CI：1.18，4.39）和缺乏脑膜炎（AOR：0.22，95%CI：0.08，0.55）与急性呼吸道感染显著相关。
急性呼吸道感染在五岁以下儿童中很常见。儿童和母亲的年龄、居住地以及母亲的手部卫生信息是与急性呼吸道感染相关的显著因素。
