Ledgerwood David M, Goldberger Bruce A, Risk Nathan K, Lewis Collins E, Price Rumi Kato
Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Detroit, MI 48207, USA.
Addict Behav. 2008 Sep;33(9):1131-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.04.009. Epub 2008 May 8.
Discrepancies between biological assays and self-report of illicit drug use could undermine epidemiological research findings. Two objectives of the present study are to examine the degree of agreement between self-reported illicit drug use and hair analysis in a community sample of middle-aged men, and to identify factors that may predict discrepancies between self-report and hair testing. Male participants followed since 1972 were interviewed about substance use, and hair samples were analyzed for marijuana, cocaine, opiates, phencyclidine (PCP) and methamphetamine using radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Self-report and hair testing generally met good, but not excellent, agreement. Apparent underreporting of recent cocaine use was associated with inpatient hospitalization for the participant's most recent quit attempt, younger age, identifying as African American or other, and not having a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. The overestimate of marijuana use relative to hair test was associated with frequent use since 1972 and providing an inadequate hair sample. Additional research is needed to identify factors that differentially affect the validity of both hair drug testing and self-report.
生物检测与非法药物使用自我报告之间的差异可能会削弱流行病学研究结果。本研究的两个目的是，在一个中年男性社区样本中，检验自我报告的非法药物使用与毛发分析之间的一致程度，并确定可能预测自我报告与毛发检测之间差异的因素。对自1972年起跟踪的男性参与者进行了关于物质使用情况的访谈，并使用放射免疫分析和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术，对毛发样本进行了大麻、可卡因、阿片类物质、苯环己哌啶（PCP）和甲基苯丙胺的分析。自我报告与毛发检测总体上达成了较好而非极佳的一致性。近期可卡因使用明显报告不足，与参与者最近一次戒毒尝试时住院、年龄较小、自我认定为非裔美国人或其他种族，以及未被诊断为反社会人格障碍有关。相对于毛发检测，大麻使用的高估与自1972年以来频繁使用以及提供的毛发样本不足有关。需要进一步研究以确定不同程度影响毛发药物检测和自我报告有效性的因素。
