Reddy Michael S, O'Neal S Jean, Haigh Sandra, Aponte-Wesson Ruth, Geurs Nico C
Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0007, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008 Mar-Apr;23(2):281-8.
The objective of this study was to determine changes in interdental papillae, alveolar bone loss, esthetics, and initial healing survival when 1-piece narrow-diameter implants were immediately loaded in sites with limited tooth-to-tooth spacing.
One-piece titanium alloy implants with a maximum diameter of 3.0 mm and a resorbable blast surface texture on a square-thread form were evaluated. Digital photographs were made at each clinical visit to assess soft tissue healing. Interproximal soft tissue fill of the embrasure was assessed with a modified Jemt index. Standardized radiographs were made at baseline (implant placement) and at 6 and 12 months postsurgery. Radiographic bone height was measured from a consistent landmark on the implant. A 1-sided t test was used to determine statistical differences of bone height.
Thirty-one implants were placed in 17 subjects. One implant had clinical mobility and was removed, for an overall survival rate of 96.7%. Mean bone height on the day of placement and restoration was 2.33 + 0.73 mm above the first thread. Mean bone height was 1.75 +/- 0.78 mm at 6 months postrestoration and 1.63 +/- 0.81 mm at 12 months postrestoration. There was a statistically significant loss of bone support over the initial 6 months (0.58 mm; P < .01), with no significant progression thereafter (0.12 mm; NS). Complete fill of papillae was found in 92% of maxillary lateral incisor sites and 60% of mandibular incisor sites.
The use of 1-piece narrow-diameter immediately loaded implants appears to be an effective prosthetic treatment for areas of limited space.
本研究的目的是确定在牙间间隙有限的部位即刻加载一体式窄直径种植体时，牙间乳头、牙槽骨吸收、美观度及初期愈合存活率的变化。
评估了最大直径为3.0 mm、具有可吸收喷砂表面纹理的方形螺纹一体式钛合金种植体。每次临床就诊时拍摄数码照片以评估软组织愈合情况。使用改良的耶姆特指数评估牙间隙的邻间软组织填充情况。在基线（种植体植入时）以及术后6个月和12个月拍摄标准化X线片。从种植体上的一个一致标记处测量X线片上的骨高度。使用单侧t检验确定骨高度的统计学差异。
在17名受试者中植入了31颗种植体。1颗种植体出现临床松动并被取出，总体存活率为96.7%。植入和修复当天的平均骨高度比第一螺纹高出2.33±0.73 mm。修复后6个月时平均骨高度为1.75±0.78 mm，修复后12个月时为I.63±0.81 mm。在最初的6个月中骨支持有统计学意义的丧失（0.58 mm；P <.01），此后无显著进展（0.12 mm；无统计学意义）。在上颌侧切牙部位92%以及下颌切牙部位60%发现乳头完全填充。
使用一体式窄直径即刻加载种植体似乎是一种针对空间有限区域的有效修复治疗方法。
