Gailliot Matthew T, Stillman Tyler F, Schmeichel Brandon J, Maner Jon K, Plant E Ashby
Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008 Jul;34(7):993-1003. doi: 10.1177/0146167208316791.
Four studies indicate that mortality salience increases adherence to social norms and values, but only when cultural norms and values are salient. In Study 1, mortality salience coupled with a reminder about cultural values of egalitarianism reduced prejudice toward Blacks among non-Black participants. In Studies 2 through 4, a mortality salience induction (e.g., walking through a cemetery) increased self-reported and actual helping behavior only when the cultural value of helping was salient. These results suggest that people may adhere to norms and values so as to manage awareness of death.
四项研究表明，死亡凸显会增强对社会规范和价值观的遵守，但前提是文化规范和价值观显著突出。在研究1中，死亡凸显与关于平等主义文化价值观的提示相结合，减少了非黑人参与者对黑人的偏见。在研究2至4中，只有当帮助的文化价值显著突出时，死亡凸显诱导（例如走过墓地）才会增加自我报告的和实际的帮助行为。这些结果表明，人们可能会遵守规范和价值观，以便应对对死亡的认知。
