Purdue University, Department of Psychological Sciences, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2010 Aug;14(3):313-31. doi: 10.1177/1088868310361239. Epub 2010 Apr 30.
Examined at the behavioral level, prejudice and helping appear as qualitatively different and perhaps mutually incompatible social behaviors. As a result, the literatures on prejudice and helping evolved largely independent of each other. When they are examined at the process level, however, underlying similarities appear. Furthermore, when anomalies are examined within each of these two separate literatures, similarities become more apparent. Finally, the personality dimension of agreeableness is systematically related to both prejudice and helping. The authors propose that many forms of prejudice and helping are expressions of underlying processes of self-regulation and social accommodation. After discussing several other social-cognitive approaches to self-correction, the authors offer a novel opponent process model of motivation that integrates the apparently exclusive processes of prejudice and helping into a single system.
从行为层面来看，偏见和帮助似乎是两种截然不同、甚至可能相互排斥的社会行为。因此，关于偏见和帮助的文献也各自独立地发展着。然而，当我们从过程层面来考察时，就会发现它们之间存在着潜在的相似性。此外，当我们在这两个独立的文献中检查异常情况时，相似性就变得更加明显了。最后，宜人性的人格维度与偏见和帮助都有系统的关系。作者提出，许多形式的偏见和帮助都是自我调节和社会适应的潜在过程的表现。在讨论了其他几种社会认知的自我纠正方法之后，作者提出了一个新颖的动机对立过程模型，将看似相互排斥的偏见和帮助过程整合到一个单一的系统中。
