Gabbett Tim J
Brisbane Broncos Rugby League Club, Queensland, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Mar;22(2):625-32. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181635a6a.
This study investigated the influence of fatigue on tackling technique in rugby league players and determined the relationship between selected physiological capacities and fatigue-induced decrements in tackling technique. Eight rugby league players underwent a standardized one-on-one tackling drill in a 10-m grid. Players performed the one-on-one tackling drill before strenuous exercise and following game-specific repeated-effort exercise of progressively increasing intensities (corresponding to moderate, heavy, and very heavy intensity) in order to induce fatigue that was representative of match conditions. Video footage was taken from the rear, side, and front of the defending player. Tackling technique was objectively assessed using standardized technical criteria. In addition, all players underwent measurements of standard anthropometry (height, body mass, and sum of 7 skinfold measurements), speed (10-, 20-, and 40-m sprint), muscular power (vertical jump), agility (L run), and estimated maximal aerobic power (VO2max multistage fitness test). A progressive increase in total repeated-effort time, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and ratings of perceived exertion occurred throughout the repeated-effort protocol, demonstrating a progressive increase in intensity and fatigue. Fatigue resulted in progressive reductions in tackling technique. Players with the best tackling technique in a nonfatigued state demonstrated the greatest decrement in tackling technique under fatigued conditions. In addition, a significant association was observed between estimated VO2max (r = -0.62) and agility (r = 0.68) and fatigue-induced decrements in tackling technique. From a practical perspective, these findings suggest that strength and conditioning programs designed to develop endurance, change of direction speed, and anticipation skills may reduce fatigue-induced decrements in tackling technique. Furthermore, any defensive drills designed to improve tackling technique should be performed before and under fatigue.
本研究调查了疲劳对橄榄球联盟球员擒抱技术的影响，并确定了所选生理能力与疲劳引起的擒抱技术下降之间的关系。八名橄榄球联盟球员在一个10米的网格中进行了标准化的一对一擒抱训练。球员们在剧烈运动前以及进行强度逐渐增加（对应于中等、重度和极重度强度）的特定比赛重复用力运动后进行一对一擒抱训练，以诱发代表比赛条件的疲劳。从防守球员的后方、侧面和前方拍摄了视频 footage。使用标准化技术标准对擒抱技术进行客观评估。此外，所有球员都进行了标准人体测量（身高、体重和7处皮褶测量值之和）、速度（10米、20米和40米短跑）、肌肉力量（垂直跳跃）、敏捷性（L形跑）以及估计最大有氧功率（VO2max多级体能测试）的测量。在整个重复用力方案中，总重复用力时间、心率、血乳酸浓度和主观用力感觉评分逐渐增加，表明强度和疲劳逐渐增加。疲劳导致擒抱技术逐渐下降。在非疲劳状态下擒抱技术最佳的球员在疲劳条件下擒抱技术下降幅度最大。此外，观察到估计的VO2max（r = -0.62）和敏捷性（r = 0.68）与疲劳引起的擒抱技术下降之间存在显著关联。从实际角度来看，这些发现表明，旨在发展耐力、变向速度和预判技能的力量和体能训练计划可能会减少疲劳引起的擒抱技术下降。此外，任何旨在提高擒抱技术的防守训练都应在疲劳之前和疲劳状态下进行。
