Matorras R, García-Perea A, Omeñaca F, Diez-Enciso M, Madero R, Usandizaga J A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital La Paz, Autonomous University of Madrid, Medical School, Spain.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1991 Jun 5;40(1):57-62. doi: 10.1016/0028-2243(91)90045-m.
A randomized study in 121 pregnant women carrier of group B streptococci is undertaken in order to assess the administration of 500 mg of intrapartum ampicillin intravenously to interrupt mother-to-fetus group B streptococcal transmission. In the prophylaxis group there was a significant reduction in neonatal colonization (3.7 vs. 42.9%) and in severe neonatal colonization (0 vs. 25%). There was no case of group B streptococcal sepsis in the prophylaxis group compared to 4.6% (3 cases) in the control group (P greater than 0.05). Clinically infected newborns represented 3.3% in the prophylaxis group vs. 13.8% in the control group. When the organism was isolated during delivery in the vagina or amniotic fluid, prophylaxis was quickly followed by second negative cultures. Ampicillin levels in the amniotic fluid were detected early, and they increased significantly till the third hour. Bactericidal levels in the umbilical cord were detected in 60% of newborns. All these findings support the usefulness of ampicillin prophylaxis in the prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis.
对121名B族链球菌携带者孕妇进行了一项随机研究，以评估静脉注射500毫克分娩期氨苄西林对阻断母婴B族链球菌传播的效果。在预防组中，新生儿定植显著减少（3.7%对42.9%），严重新生儿定植也显著减少（0对25%）。预防组未出现B族链球菌败血症病例，而对照组为4.6%（3例）（P>0.05）。临床感染的新生儿在预防组中占3.3%，而在对照组中占13.8%。当在分娩时从阴道或羊水中分离出该病原体时，预防措施实施后很快再次培养结果为阴性。羊水氨苄西林水平检测较早，且在第三小时前显著升高。60%的新生儿脐带血中检测到杀菌水平。所有这些发现均支持氨苄西林预防在预防早发型B族链球菌败血症方面的有效性。
