Kirshbaum Marilyn
Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2008;5(2):60-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-6787.2008.00113.x.
In the United Kingdom (UK), it was documented that a problem of knowledge transfer existed within the speciality of breast-cancer care, thus depriving patients of receiving optimal care. Despite increasingly robust research evidence indicating recommendation of whole body exercise for people affected by breast cancer, commensurate changes to practice were not noted amongst breast-care nurses (BCNs).
To evaluate the effect of a targeted booklet, Exercise and Breast Cancer: A Booklet for Breast-Care Nurses, on changes in knowledge, reported practice, and attitudes of BCNs in the UK.
A prospective, experimental approach was used for designing a pre- and post-test randomised controlled study. Comparisons of knowledge, reported practice, and attitudes based on responses to a questionnaire were made at two time-points in two groups of BCNs (control and experimental). The unit of randomisation and analysis was hospital clusters of BCNs. The sample comprised 92 nurses from 62 hospitals. Analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and clustered regression techniques: clustered logistic regression for knowledge items, clustered linear regression for knowledge scores, ologit for attitude and reported practice items, and clustered multiple regression for paired and multiple variable analysis.
A statistically significant increase in knowledge and changes in reported practice and attitudes were found. Robust variables affecting knowledge acquisition were: promotion of health, promotion of exercise, and understanding how exercise can reduce cancer-related fatigue.
The study has shown that evidence-based printed material, such as an information booklet, can be used as an effective research dissemination method when developed for needs, values, and context of a target audience.
This practical approach to research dissemination could be replicated and applied to other groups of nurses.
在英国，有文献记载乳腺癌护理专业领域存在知识传递问题，这使得患者无法获得最佳护理。尽管越来越多强有力的研究证据表明应建议乳腺癌患者进行全身锻炼，但乳腺癌护理护士（BCN）的实际做法却未出现相应改变。
评估一本针对性手册《运动与乳腺癌：给乳腺癌护理护士的手册》对英国BCN的知识、报告的实践及态度变化的影响。
采用前瞻性实验方法设计一项前后测随机对照研究。在两组BCN（对照组和实验组）的两个时间点，基于对问卷的回答对知识、报告的实践及态度进行比较。随机化和分析单位是BCN的医院集群。样本包括来自62家医院的92名护士。分析包括描述性统计和聚类回归技术：知识项目采用聚类逻辑回归，知识得分采用聚类线性回归，态度和报告的实践项目采用有序logit回归，配对和多变量分析采用聚类多元回归。
发现知识有统计学显著增加，报告的实践和态度也有变化。影响知识获取的有力变量包括：促进健康、推广运动以及理解运动如何减轻癌症相关疲劳。
该研究表明，基于证据的印刷材料，如信息手册，在针对目标受众的需求、价值观和背景进行开发时，可作为一种有效的研究传播方法。
这种实用的研究传播方法可被复制并应用于其他护士群体。
