Gancedo Juana M
Department of Metabolism and Cell Signalling, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2008 Jul;32(4):673-704. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00117.x.
In the presence of glucose, yeast undergoes an important remodelling of its metabolism. There are changes in the concentration of intracellular metabolites and in the stability of proteins and mRNAs; modifications occur in the activity of enzymes as well as in the rate of transcription of a large number of genes, some of the genes being induced while others are repressed. Diverse combinations of input signals are required for glucose regulation of gene expression and of other cellular processes. This review focuses on the early elements in glucose signalling and discusses their relevance for the regulation of specific processes. Glucose sensing involves the plasma membrane proteins Snf3, Rgt2 and Gpr1 and the glucose-phosphorylating enzyme Hxk2, as well as other regulatory elements whose functions are still incompletely understood. The similarities and differences in the way in which yeasts and mammalian cells respond to glucose are also examined. It is shown that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sensing systems for other nutrients share some of the characteristics of the glucose-sensing pathways.
在有葡萄糖存在的情况下，酵母会经历重要的代谢重塑。细胞内代谢物浓度、蛋白质和mRNA的稳定性都会发生变化；酶的活性以及大量基因的转录速率也会发生改变，其中一些基因被诱导，而另一些则被抑制。基因表达和其他细胞过程的葡萄糖调节需要多种输入信号组合。本综述聚焦于葡萄糖信号传导的早期元件，并讨论它们与特定过程调节的相关性。葡萄糖感应涉及质膜蛋白Snf3、Rgt2和Gpr1以及葡萄糖磷酸化酶Hxk2，还有其他功能仍未完全了解的调节元件。同时也研究了酵母和哺乳动物细胞对葡萄糖反应方式的异同。结果表明，在酿酒酵母中，其他营养物质的感应系统具有一些葡萄糖感应途径的特征。
