扩大免疫规划的实施成本：2005年越南一项基于机构的研究结果
Cost of providing the expanded programme on immunization: findings from a facility-based study in Viet Nam, 2005.
作者信息
Hoang Minh Van, Nguyen Thi Bach Yen, Kim Bao Giang, Dao Lan Huong, Nguyen Thuy Huong, Wright Pamela
机构信息
Faculty of Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 2008 Jun;86(6):429-34. doi: 10.2471/blt.07.045161.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate and analyse the costs for providing the expanded programme on immunization (EPI) in a rural community in the north of Viet Nam in 2005.
METHODS
An ingredient approach was used to collect cost data from the perspective of the service providers.
FINDINGS
The total annual cost of EPI in Bavi district was US$58,460 [purchasing power parity (PPP) 282,076]. Vaccines and supplies were the largest cost category (33%), followed by personnel costs (30.2%). The largest share of the total cost was due to activities at commune level (38%). The average cost per fully vaccinated child (FVC) was US$4.81 (PPP 23.21), much lower than the figure of US$15 that is generally accepted as the cost-effective threshold for EPI in developing countries.
CONCLUSION
This empirical study indicates that EPI has been implemented efficiently in rural Viet Nam, but that opportunities exist to make it even more efficient.
目的
估算并分析2005年越南北方一个农村社区提供扩大免疫规划（EPI）的成本。
方法
采用成分法从服务提供者的角度收集成本数据。
结果
巴维区EPI的年度总成本为58,460美元[购买力平价（PPP）282,076]。疫苗和用品是最大的成本类别（33%），其次是人员成本（30.2%）。总成本中最大的份额归因于公社一级的活动（38%）。每个完全接种疫苗儿童（FVC）的平均成本为4.81美元（PPP 23.21），远低于发展中国家普遍认为的EPI成本效益阈值15美元。
结论
这项实证研究表明，EPI在越南农村地区得到了有效实施，但仍有机会使其更加高效。
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