Sugaya K, Kohama T, Tsukada T, Shimoda N, Noto H, Nishizawa O, Harada T, Tsuchida S
Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine.
Hinyokika Kiyo. 1991 May;37(5):485-9.
Left renal veins of 77 patients were examined by computed tomography (CT) to evaluate its usefulness in determining the left renal vein compression which is causing renal bleeding. From CT image, left renal vein compression was observed in 6 (86%) of the 7 cases which had been classified as idiopathic renal bleeding, in 9 (21%) of the 42 cases which had urinary tract diseases causing hematuria, and in 3 (11%) of the 28 cases which did not have hematuria. In 15 of the 18 cases of left renal vein compression, left renal vein was compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta, showing so-called nutcracker phenomenon. In the remaining 3 cases, however, the superior mesenteric artery provided sharp delineation from the abdominal aorta. The superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta made the mean angle of 35.5 degree in patients with normal left renal vein, the mean angle of 45.4 degrees in those with left renal vein compression without nutcracker phenomenon, and the mean angle of 11.9 degrees in those with nutcracker phenomenon. CT was superior to ultrasonography, in revealing left renal vein compression.
对77例患者的左肾静脉进行了计算机断层扫描（CT）检查，以评估其在确定导致肾出血的左肾静脉受压情况方面的实用性。从CT图像上观察到，在7例被归类为特发性肾出血的病例中，有6例（86%）存在左肾静脉受压；在42例因泌尿系统疾病导致血尿的病例中，有9例（21%）存在左肾静脉受压；在28例无血尿的病例中，有3例（11%）存在左肾静脉受压。在18例左肾静脉受压的病例中，有15例左肾静脉在肠系膜上动脉和腹主动脉之间受压，呈现所谓的胡桃夹现象。然而，在其余3例中，肠系膜上动脉与腹主动脉界限清晰。左肾静脉正常的患者，肠系膜上动脉与腹主动脉的平均夹角为35.5度；左肾静脉受压但无胡桃夹现象的患者，平均夹角为45.4度；有胡桃夹现象的患者，平均夹角为11.9度。在显示左肾静脉受压方面，CT优于超声检查。
