显生宙海洋无脊椎动物全球多样性趋势

Phanerozoic trends in the global diversity of marine invertebrates.

作者信息

Alroy John, Aberhan Martin, Bottjer David J, Foote Michael, Fürsich Franz T, Harries Peter J, Hendy Austin J W, Holland Steven M, Ivany Linda C, Kiessling Wolfgang, Kosnik Matthew A, Marshall Charles R, McGowan Alistair J, Miller Arnold I, Olszewski Thomas D, Patzkowsky Mark E, Peters Shanan E, Villier Loïc, Wagner Peter J, Bonuso Nicole, Borkow Philip S, Brenneis Benjamin, Clapham Matthew E, Fall Leigh M, Ferguson Chad A, Hanson Victoria L, Krug Andrew Z, Layou Karen M, Leckey Erin H, Nürnberg Sabine, Powers Catherine M, Sessa Jocelyn A, Simpson Carl, Tomasovych Adam, Visaggi Christy C

机构信息

National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California-Santa Barbara, 735 State Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101, USA.

出版信息

Science. 2008 Jul 4;321(5885):97-100. doi: 10.1126/science.1156963.

DOI:10.1126/science.1156963

PMID:18599780

Abstract

It has previously been thought that there was a steep Cretaceous and Cenozoic radiation of marine invertebrates. This pattern can be replicated with a new data set of fossil occurrences representing 3.5 million specimens, but only when older analytical protocols are used. Moreover, analyses that employ sampling standardization and more robust counting methods show a modest rise in diversity with no clear trend after the mid-Cretaceous. Globally, locally, and at both high and low latitudes, diversity was less than twice as high in the Neogene as in the mid-Paleozoic. The ratio of global to local richness has changed little, and a latitudinal diversity gradient was present in the early Paleozoic.

摘要

以前人们认为，海洋无脊椎动物在白垩纪和新生代经历了急剧的辐射演化。这种模式可以通过一个代表350万个标本的新化石出现数据集来重现，但前提是使用较旧的分析方法。此外，采用抽样标准化和更可靠计数方法的分析表明，多样性在白垩纪中期之后仅有适度上升，且没有明显趋势。在全球、局部以及高纬度和低纬度地区，新近纪的多样性都不到中古生代的两倍。全球丰富度与局部丰富度的比率变化不大，并且在古生代早期就存在纬度多样性梯度。