Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
Science. 2010 Jan 8;327(5962):196-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1182241.
Large-scale biodiversity gradients among environments and habitats are usually attributed to a complex array of ecological and evolutionary factors. We tested the evolutionary component of such gradients by compiling the environments of the geologically oldest occurrences of marine genera and using sampling standardization to assess if originations tended to be clustered in particular environments. Shallow, tropical environments and carbonate substrates all tend to have harbored high origination rates. Diversity within these environments tended to be preferentially generated in reefs, probably because of their habitat complexity. Reefs were also prolific at exporting diversity to other environments, which might be a consequence of low-diversity habitats being more susceptible to invasions.
大规模的生物多样性梯度在环境和栖息地之间通常归因于一系列复杂的生态和进化因素。我们通过编译地质上最古老的海洋属出现的环境来测试这种梯度的进化成分，并使用采样标准化来评估起源是否倾向于聚集在特定的环境中。浅海热带环境和碳酸盐基质都倾向于具有高起源率。这些环境中的多样性往往优先在珊瑚礁中产生，这可能是由于其栖息地的复杂性。珊瑚礁也善于将多样性输出到其他环境，这可能是因为低多样性的栖息地更容易受到入侵。
