Borel J F
Department of Preclinical Research, Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Clin Nephrol. 1991;35 Suppl 1:S23-30.
Cyclosporin A (CyA, Sandimmun) is the forerunner of a new generation of immunosuppressive drugs. It is highly effective in both antibody- and cell-mediated immunity and in inhibiting chronic inflammatory reactions. Cyclosporin A is, therefore, widely used to prevent rejection in clinical organ transplantation and appears to be very promising in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporin A is not only effective when given at the time of sensitization (prevention of disease), but also when administered therapeutically during an immune response, such as during the active course of an autoimmune disease. The most important aspect of its immunosuppressive mechanism is the inhibition of lymphokine production secreted by activated T cells. The pharmacological effects of CyA are rapid in onset, dose-dependent and often quickly reversible when treatment is stopped.
环孢素A（CyA，山地明）是新一代免疫抑制药物的先驱。它在抗体介导和细胞介导的免疫以及抑制慢性炎症反应方面都非常有效。因此，环孢素A被广泛用于预防临床器官移植中的排斥反应，并且在治疗几种自身免疫性疾病方面似乎很有前景。环孢素A不仅在致敏时给药（预防疾病）有效，而且在免疫反应期间进行治疗性给药时也有效，例如在自身免疫性疾病的活动期。其免疫抑制机制最重要的方面是抑制活化T细胞分泌的淋巴因子产生。环孢素A的药理作用起效迅速，呈剂量依赖性，并且在停止治疗时通常可迅速逆转。
