Hirokawa Kumi, Nagata Chisato, Takatsuka Naoyoshi, Shimizu Natsuki, Shimizu Hiroyuki
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Epidemiol. 2008;18(4):183-90. doi: 10.2188/jea.je2007421. Epub 2008 Jul 7.
There are no strong and consistent predictors of dietary habits although some associations have been shown with psychological factors. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between the rationality and anti-emotionality (R/A) personality and dietary consumption in a Japanese community.
The Takayama study is a community-based cohort study on diet and cancer in Gifu, Japan, and was initiated on September 1, 1992. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on dietary and lifestyle data. The consumption of 169 food and beverage items was measured along with portion size by using a food frequency questionnaire. Questions regarding the R/A-personality scale and lifestyle habits were included in the questionnaire. The participants were 28077 adults (13082 males and 14995 females) aged 35 years and over.
Both males and females with high R/A-personality scores (i.e., high degree of rational thought and emotional repression) consumed more soy products, green and yellow vegetables, other vegetables, and seaweed than the other participants. Males with high R/A-personality scores drank fewer alcoholic beverages, and females with high scores were found to snack less on sweet and salty foods than the other participants. Males with high R/A-personality scores showed higher consumption of meat and dairy products, and females with high scores showed higher consumption of fish, shellfish, and eggs than those with low R/A-personality scores.
The R/A-personality scale may differentiate dietary habits in males and females in a Japanese community.
尽管已显示出饮食习惯与心理因素之间存在一些关联，但尚无强有力且一致的饮食习惯预测指标。本研究的目的是探讨日本社区中理性与抗情绪化（R/A）人格与饮食消费之间的关系。
高山研究是一项针对日本岐阜地区饮食与癌症的社区队列研究，于1992年9月1日启动。对饮食和生活方式数据进行了横断面分析。通过食物频率问卷测量了169种食品和饮料的消费量以及份量大小。问卷中包括了有关R/A人格量表和生活方式习惯的问题。参与者为28077名35岁及以上的成年人（13082名男性和14995名女性）。
R/A人格得分高的男性和女性（即理性思维和情绪抑制程度高）比其他参与者食用更多的豆制品、绿色和黄色蔬菜、其他蔬菜以及海藻。R/A人格得分高的男性饮用酒精饮料较少，得分高的女性比其他参与者少吃甜咸零食。R/A人格得分高的男性肉类和乳制品消费量较高，得分高的女性鱼类、贝类和蛋类消费量高于R/A人格得分低的女性。
R/A人格量表可能会区分日本社区中男性和女性的饮食习惯。
