Department of the Autonomic Nervous System, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Jun;5(2):145-51. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nem051.
In this review, our recent studies using anesthetized animals concerning the neural mechanisms of vasodilative effect of acupuncture-like stimulation in various organs are briefly summarized. Responses of cortical cerebral blood flow and uterine blood flow are characterized as non-segmental and segmental reflexes. Among acupuncture-like stimuli delivered to five different segmental areas of the body; afferent inputs to the brain stem (face) and to the spinal cord at the cervical (forepaw), thoracic (chest or abdomen), lumbar (hindpaw) and sacral (perineum) levels, cortical cerebral blood flow was increased by stimuli to face, forepaw and hindpaw. The afferent pathway of the responses is composed of somatic groups III and IV afferent nerves and whose efferent nerve pathway includes intrinsic cholinergic vasodilators originating in the basal forebrain. Uterine blood flow was increased by cutaneous stimulation of the hindpaw and perineal area, with perineal predominance. The afferent pathway of the response is composed of somatic group II, III and IV afferent nerves and the efferent nerve pathway includes the pelvic parasympathetic cholinergic vasodilator nerves. Furthermore, we briefly summarize vasodilative regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow via a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induced by antidromic activation of group IV somatic afferent nerves. These findings in healthy but anesthetized animals may be applicable to understanding the neural mechanisms improving blood flow in various organs following clinical acupuncture.
在这篇综述中，我们简要总结了最近使用麻醉动物进行的研究，这些研究涉及到针刺样刺激在各种器官中产生血管舒张作用的神经机制。大脑皮质血流和子宫血流的反应特征是非节段性和节段性反射。在对身体五个不同节段区域进行的类似针刺刺激中；脑干（面部）和颈部（前爪）、胸部（胸部或腹部）、腰部（后爪）和骶部（会阴部）脊髓水平的传入输入，面部、前爪和后爪的刺激增加了大脑皮质血流。反应的传入途径由躯体 III 和 IV 组传入神经组成，其传出神经途径包括起源于基底前脑的固有胆碱能血管扩张剂。后爪和会阴部的皮肤刺激增加了子宫血流，会阴部占优势。反应的传入途径由躯体 II、III 和 IV 组传入神经组成，传出神经途径包括骨盆副交感胆碱能血管扩张神经。此外，我们还简要总结了通过对躯体 IV 组传入神经的逆向激活引起降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）来调节骨骼肌血流的情况。这些在健康但麻醉的动物中的发现可能适用于理解临床针刺后改善各种器官血流的神经机制。
