Abma J C, Mott F L
Center for Human Resource Research, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Fam Plann Perspect. 1991 May-Jun;23(3):117-22, 128.
Data on a cohort of young mothers from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were examined for use of alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana during pregnancies leading to first births. A substantial proportion of women (45 percent) were found to have used at least one of these substances. White women were more likely to use a substance during pregnancy than were Hispanic or black women; women with the prospective father present in the household were less likely than other women to use a substance. Compared with well-educated and older women, less-educated and younger women were more likely to smoke cigarettes or marijuana during pregnancy, but were less likely to drink alcohol. Only about 13 percent of women used more than one substance. Nineteen percent of the women received no prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy. Less-educated and younger women were least likely to receive early prenatal care. Multivariate analysis found no association between neglect of prenatal care and substance use. Rather, the analysis revealed that the two behaviors shared likely antecedents, such as whether the prospective father was in the home prior to the pregnancy.
对来自全国青年纵向调查的一组年轻母亲的数据进行了研究，以了解她们在首次生育前的孕期中使用酒精、香烟和大麻的情况。结果发现，相当一部分女性（45%）至少使用过其中一种物质。白人女性在孕期使用物质的可能性高于西班牙裔或黑人女性；家中有准父亲的女性使用物质的可能性低于其他女性。与受过良好教育和年龄较大的女性相比，受教育程度较低和年龄较小的女性在孕期更有可能吸烟或吸食大麻，但饮酒的可能性较小。只有约13%的女性使用不止一种物质。19%的女性在怀孕的头三个月没有接受产前护理。受教育程度较低和年龄较小的女性最不可能接受早期产前护理。多变量分析发现，产前护理的忽视与物质使用之间没有关联。相反，分析表明这两种行为可能有共同的前因，比如怀孕前准父亲是否在家中。
