Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jul;98(1):136-45. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.043000. Epub 2013 May 8.
Available data have indicated independent direct relations of dietary animal protein and meat to the blood pressure (BP) of individuals.
In this study, we aimed to assess whether BP is associated with the intake of dietary amino acids higher relatively in animal than in vegetable protein (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine, methionine, and threonine).
The study was a cross-sectional epidemiologic study that involved 4680 persons aged 40-59 y from 17 random population samples in the People's Republic of China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. BP was measured 8 times at 4 visits; dietary data (83 nutrients and 18 amino acids) were from four 24-h dietary recalls and two 24-h urine collections.
Dietary glycine and alanine (the percentage of total protein intake) were considered singly related directly to BP; with these 2 amino acids together in regression models (from model 1, which was controlled for age, sex, and sample, to model 5, which was controlled for 16 possible confounders), glycine, but not alanine, was significantly related to BP. Estimated average BP differences associated with a 2-SD higher glycine intake (0.71 g/24 h) were 2.0-3.0-mm Hg systolic BP (z = 2.97-4.32) stronger in Western than in East Asian participants. In Westerners, meat was the main dietary source of glycine but not in East Asians (Chinese: grains/flour and rice/noodles; Japanese: fish/shellfish and rice/noodles).
Dietary glycine may have an independent adverse effect on BP, which possibly contributes to direct relations of animal protein and meat to BP.
现有数据表明，饮食中的动物蛋白和肉类与个体的血压（BP）之间存在独立的直接关系。
在这项研究中，我们旨在评估 BP 是否与摄入相对较高的动物蛋白而非植物蛋白中的膳食氨基酸（丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和苏氨酸）有关。
这是一项横断面流行病学研究，涉及来自中华人民共和国、日本、英国和美国的 17 个随机人群样本中的 4680 名 40-59 岁的人。BP 在 4 次访视中测量了 8 次；饮食数据（83 种营养素和 18 种氨基酸）来自四次 24 小时饮食回忆和两次 24 小时尿液收集。
饮食中的甘氨酸和丙氨酸（占总蛋白质摄入量的百分比）被认为是单独与 BP 直接相关的；在回归模型中，当将这两种氨基酸一起考虑时（从仅控制年龄、性别和样本的模型 1 到控制 16 种可能混杂因素的模型 5），只有甘氨酸与 BP 显著相关。与甘氨酸摄入量增加 2SD（0.71g/24h）相关的平均 BP 差异估计值在西方参与者中为收缩压（z = 2.97-4.32）增加 2.0-3.0mmHg，而在东亚参与者中则更强。在西方人中，肉类是甘氨酸的主要膳食来源，但在东亚人（中国人：谷物/面粉和米饭/面条；日本人：鱼/贝类和米饭/面条）中并非如此。
饮食中的甘氨酸可能对 BP 有独立的不良影响，这可能是动物蛋白和肉类与 BP 之间存在直接关系的原因之一。
