Lemstra Mark, Bennett Norman R, Neudorf Cory, Kunst Anton, Nannapaneni Ushasri, Warren Lynne M, Kershaw Tanis, Scott Christina R
Population Health Research Unit, Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK.
Can J Public Health. 2008 May-Jun;99(3):172-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03405467.
A majority of population-based studies suggest prevalence of drug and alcohol risk behaviour increases during late adolescence to early adulthood. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to clarify if socio-economic status (SES) is a determinant of marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour in adolescents between the ages of 10-15 years.
We performed a meta-analysis to identify published or unpublished papers between January 1, 1980 and February 9, 2007 that reviewed marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour by SES in adolescents aged 10-15 years.
We found nine studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria and passed the methodological quality review. The prevalence of marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour was 22% higher (RR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.14-1.31) in adolescents with low SES in comparison to adolescents with higher SES. Stratification by country of origin revealed that American and New Zealand studies had statistically significant variability in the reported effects as compared to European and UK studies.
The evidence suggests that low SES has an inverse association with the prevalence of marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour in adolescents between the ages of 10-15 years. Higher rates of marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour among lower SES adolescents may impact emotional development, limit future educational and occupational achievement, and increase the likelihood for adult marijuana and alcohol addiction.
Lower SES adolescents have higher rates of marijuana and alcohol risk behaviour than higher SES adolescents.
大多数基于人群的研究表明，药物和酒精风险行为的患病率在青春期后期到成年早期会增加。本系统文献综述的目的是明确社会经济地位（SES）是否是10至15岁青少年大麻和酒精风险行为的一个决定因素。
我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以确定1980年1月1日至2007年2月9日期间发表或未发表的、按SES对10至15岁青少年的大麻和酒精风险行为进行综述的论文。
我们发现有九项研究符合我们的纳入标准并通过了方法学质量审查。与高SES的青少年相比，低SES的青少年中，大麻和酒精风险行为的患病率高22%（RR = 1.22；95% CI 1.14 - 1.31）。按原产国分层显示，与欧洲和英国的研究相比，美国和新西兰的研究在报告的效应方面具有统计学上的显著差异。
证据表明，低SES与10至15岁青少年中大麻和酒精风险行为的患病率呈负相关。低SES青少年中大麻和酒精风险行为的较高发生率可能会影响情绪发展，限制未来的教育和职业成就，并增加成年后大麻和酒精成瘾的可能性。
低SES青少年比高SES青少年有更高的大麻和酒精风险行为发生率。
