Grochowalski Adam, Konieczyński Jan
Krakow University of Technology, Chemistry Department, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland.
Chemosphere. 2008 Aug;73(1):97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.04.087. Epub 2008 Jul 9.
The aim of the project was to measure the actual emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from four selected power plants in Poland in order to update the national inventory of PCDDs/PCDFs emission. Relatively low PCDDs/PCDFs as well as dl-PCBs concentrations in flue gas obtained in measurements in this study for four different circulated fluidized bed (CFB) boilers indicate practical absence of any hazards caused by PCDDs/PCDFs emission from these units. The results of PCDDs/PCDFs determination obtained in this study indicate that hard coal combustion in large CFB in the four central heating plants (CHP) is not a significant source of PCDDs/PCDFs emission to the environment even if operated by co-firing of waste coal. PCDDs/PCDFs concentration in flue gases as well as emission factors were recorded in the range of 0.012-0.060 ng I-TEQ/m(n)(3) and 7.51-46.4 microg I-TEQ/TJ, respectively. Dl-PCBs concentration was practically below the LOQ=0.006 ng WHO-PCB TEQ/m(n)(3) in all experiments. HCB concentration as well as emission factors were recorded in the range of 11.5-42.0 ng/m(n)(3) and 6.19-26.7 mg/TJ, respectively, where the highest value was obtained for co-firing of waste coal, however. Obtained in this work emission factors will be used for national emission inventory purposes instead of the factors proposed by Toolkit or taken from previous measurements. However, consideration should be given to the fact that the measurements in most cases are related to single installations. Therefore, the need for further development of national factors for the power generation industry in Poland is desired.
该项目的目的是测量波兰四个选定发电厂的多氯二苯并二恶英（PCDDs）、多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、类二恶英多氯联苯（dl-PCBs）和六氯苯（HCB）的实际排放量，以便更新国家PCDDs/PCDFs排放清单。本研究中对四台不同的循环流化床（CFB）锅炉进行测量时，烟气中PCDDs/PCDFs以及dl-PCBs的浓度相对较低，这表明这些装置排放PCDDs/PCDFs不会造成实际危害。本研究中PCDDs/PCDFs的测定结果表明，即使在四个集中供热厂（CHP）的大型CFB中燃烧硬煤时掺烧了废煤，其也不是向环境中排放PCDDs/PCDFs的重要来源。烟气中PCDDs/PCDFs的浓度以及排放因子分别记录在0.012 - 0.060 ng I-TEQ/m³和7.51 - 46.4 μg I-TEQ/TJ范围内。在所有实验中，dl-PCBs的浓度实际上低于最低定量限（LOQ）=0.006 ng WHO-PCB TEQ/m³。HCB的浓度以及排放因子分别记录在11.5 - 42.0 ng/m³和6.19 - 26.7 mg/TJ范围内，不过，废煤掺烧时获得了最高值。本研究得出的排放因子将用于国家排放清单编制目的，而非使用工具包提出的或先前测量得到的因子。然而，应考虑到在大多数情况下测量是针对单个装置的这一事实。因此，波兰发电行业需要进一步制定国家因子。
