Dinwiddie S H, Reich T, Cloninger C R
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1991 Jun;17(2):173-86. doi: 10.3109/00952999108992820.
One hundred thirty solvent abusers were retrospectively identified from a family study containing 286 alcoholics, 157 felons, 60 control subjects, and 1,640 of their relatives. Comprehensive data regarding psychiatric diagnosis and drug use were gathered using the Home Environment Lifetime Psychiatric Record. Solvent abuse was very strongly associated with having a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder and was consistently associated with polysubstance abuse. Solvent abusers were more likely to be male, or lower socioeconomic status, and younger than those without a reported history of solvent abuse. Contrary to current understanding, solvent use did not clearly precede other substance use; rather, alcohol and cannabis use tended to occur first, followed by use of solvents. Solvent users were 5 to 10 times more likely than nonusers to report abuse of opioids, stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens.
在一项涉及286名酗酒者、157名重罪犯、60名对照对象及其1640名亲属的家庭研究中，回顾性地识别出了130名溶剂滥用者。使用家庭环境终生精神疾病记录收集了有关精神疾病诊断和药物使用的综合数据。溶剂滥用与反社会人格障碍的诊断密切相关，并且始终与多种物质滥用相关。溶剂滥用者比没有溶剂滥用史的人更可能是男性、社会经济地位较低且年龄较小。与目前的认识相反，溶剂使用并非明显先于其他物质使用；相反，酒精和大麻的使用往往最先出现，随后是溶剂的使用。溶剂使用者报告滥用阿片类药物、兴奋剂、抑制剂和致幻剂的可能性是非使用者的5至10倍。
