VonDras Dean D, Pouliot Gregory S, Malcore Sylvia A, Iwahashi Shigetoshi
University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, College of Human Development and Psychology, Green Bay, WI 54311-7011, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2008;67(1):63-100. doi: 10.2190/AG.67.1.d.
This research explores the perceived exchange of social support resources of young, midlife, and older adults in the United States and Japan, and how perceptions of exchange may moderate attributions of control, difficulty, and success in attaining important life-goals. A survey was administered to participants in the United States and Japan who ranged in age from 17 to 70 years. Results suggested culture and age to influence the designation of important life-goals, and to interactively moderate the perceived exchange of social support resources in the interpersonal contexts of family and business associates and co-workers. Furthermore, relationships between the perceived exchange of social support and perceptions of control and success in achieving life-goals indicated different intracultural effects. Overall, these findings suggest nuances in the perceived exchange of social support and social cognitions that reflect the cultural orientations of young, midlife and older adults in the United States and Japan. A culturally grounded model of social support is proposed and discussed.
本研究探讨了美国和日本的年轻人、中年人和老年人对社会支持资源交换的认知，以及这种交换认知如何调节对控制、困难和实现重要人生目标的成功的归因。对年龄在17至70岁之间的美国和日本参与者进行了一项调查。结果表明，文化和年龄会影响重要人生目标的设定，并在家庭、商业伙伴和同事的人际背景中交互调节对社会支持资源交换的认知。此外，社会支持交换认知与实现人生目标的控制认知和成功认知之间的关系显示出不同的文化内部效应。总体而言，这些发现表明社会支持交换认知和社会认知存在细微差别，反映了美国和日本年轻人、中年人和老年人的文化取向。本文提出并讨论了一个基于文化的社会支持模型。
