McElhinney L M, Marston D A, Stankov S, Tu C, Black C, Johnson N, Jiang Y, Tordo N, Müller T, Fooks A R
Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Surrey, Addlestone, United Kingdom.
Dev Biol (Basel). 2008;131:125-31.
The Lyssavirus genus, a member of the Rhabdoviridae family, consists of seven established related viruses (genotypes 1-7). Rabies cases in Eurasia are principally attributed to three of these genotypes, namely genotype 1 (RABV, classical rabies) and to a lesser extent genotypes 5 and 6 (European bat lyssaviruses type-1 and -2). In addition, four newly identified divergent lyssaviruses have been isolated from insectivorous bats. The molecular diversity of classical rabies viruses (genotype 1, RABV) has been studied at the global level and reference has been made to the existence of a number of European strains in a range of mammalian species. It is accepted that these viruses cluster within a 'Cosmopolitan Lineage' having ancestral roots in Europe in the 17th century before its widespread dispersal to Asia, Africa and the Americas as a result of European exploration and colonization.
狂犬病病毒属是弹状病毒科的一个成员，由七种已确定的相关病毒（基因型1 - 7）组成。欧亚大陆的狂犬病病例主要归因于其中三种基因型，即基因型1（狂犬病病毒，经典狂犬病），以及程度较轻的基因型5和6（欧洲蝙蝠狂犬病病毒1型和2型）。此外，还从食虫蝙蝠中分离出了四种新发现的不同狂犬病病毒。经典狂犬病病毒（基因型1，狂犬病病毒）的分子多样性已在全球范围内进行了研究，并且提到了在一系列哺乳动物物种中存在许多欧洲毒株。人们认为，这些病毒聚集在一个“世界性谱系”中，其祖先可追溯到17世纪的欧洲，后来由于欧洲的探索和殖民活动而广泛传播到亚洲、非洲和美洲。
