Amengual B, Bourhy H, López-Roig M, Serra-Cobo J
UPRE Dynamique des lyssavirus et adaptation à I'hôte, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Dev Biol (Basel). 2008;131:547-53.
Bats are important reservoir hosts of RNA viruses, including lyssaviruses, which can cross the species barrier to infect humans and other domestic and wild non-flying mammals. Six of the seven Lyssavirus genotypes described to date infect bats. In Europe, two genotypes of Lyssavirus, European bat Lyssavirus types 1 and 2 (EBLV-1 and EBLV-2), circulate among several bat species and numerous bats are found infected every year. To provide epidemiologists and public health officials with data to effectively implement public health measures, we have undertaken field studies to identify the temporal dynamics of virus infection in bat colonies by combining multidisciplinary approaches. We have focused our work on a long-term longitudinal survey of different bat colonies in the Balearic Islands. The prevalence of virus RNA and neutralizing antibodies were analysed in captured bats. The bats were banded to allow for individual monitoring of infection and movements between colonies. The results show different lyssavirus infection episodes across the twelve years of study and provide the first evidence that mortality of the mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis) in their natural environment does not increase significantly after episodes of EBLV-1 infection.
蝙蝠是包括狂犬病毒属病毒在内的RNA病毒的重要宿主，这些病毒可跨越物种屏障感染人类以及其他家养和野生的非飞行哺乳动物。迄今描述的7种狂犬病毒属基因型中有6种感染蝙蝠。在欧洲，狂犬病毒属的两种基因型，即欧洲蝙蝠狂犬病毒1型和2型（EBLV-1和EBLV-2），在几种蝙蝠物种中传播，每年都发现大量蝙蝠受到感染。为了向流行病学家和公共卫生官员提供数据，以便有效地实施公共卫生措施，我们采用多学科方法进行了实地研究，以确定蝙蝠群体中病毒感染的时间动态。我们的工作重点是对巴利阿里群岛不同蝙蝠群体进行长期纵向调查。对捕获的蝙蝠分析病毒RNA和中和抗体的流行情况。给蝙蝠佩戴标记环，以便对感染情况和群体间移动进行个体监测。结果显示，在为期12年的研究中出现了不同的狂犬病毒感染事件，并首次提供证据表明，在EBLV-1感染事件后，鼠耳蝠（Myotis myotis）在其自然环境中的死亡率并未显著增加。
