Picard-Meyer E, Brookes S M, Barrat J, Litaize E, Patron C, Biarnais M, Healy D M, Johnson L, Fooks A R, Cliquet F
WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Management in Zoonoses Control, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, AFSSA, Malzeville, France.
Dev Biol (Basel). 2008;131:339-45.
Experimental studies have been undertaken to assess the susceptibility of silver foxes to bat variants of rabies virus, namely European Bat Lyssaviruses (EBLVs). Both EBLV-1 and EBLV-2 have been isolated in European bats since 1954, in Eptesicus serotinus and Myotis species, respectively. Since 2000, the number of reported cases has increased largely due to the improvement of the surveillance of bat rabies virus throughout Europe. Although over >800 EBLVs cases have been reported in bats in Europe, EBLV-1 and -2 viruses are rarely reported to infect humans and terrestrial animals. The study presented here shows that the sensitivity of silver foxes is low when infected with EBLVs via the intramuscular route; in contrast all animals infected via intracranial inoculation succumbed to the experimental challenge. The mortality rate was 100% for both EBLV-1 (approximately 4.5 log) and EBLV-2 (approximately 3.0 log). This data suggests that the susceptibility of foxes to EBLV-1 and EBLV-2 is low and that the transmission (spillover) and adaptation of EBLVs from a bat to a fox may be theoretically possible but unlikely.
已开展实验研究以评估银狐对狂犬病病毒蝙蝠变种（即欧洲蝙蝠狂犬病病毒，EBLVs）的易感性。自1954年以来，EBLV - 1和EBLV - 2分别在棕蝠和鼠耳蝠属蝙蝠中被分离出来。自2000年以来，由于欧洲对蝙蝠狂犬病病毒监测的改善，报告病例数大幅增加。尽管在欧洲蝙蝠中已报告了超过800例EBLVs病例，但EBLV - 1和 - 2病毒很少感染人类和陆生动物。此处呈现的研究表明，银狐经肌肉注射途径感染EBLVs时敏感性较低；相比之下，所有经颅内接种感染的动物均死于实验性攻击。EBLV - 1（约4.5对数）和EBLV - 2（约3.0对数）的死亡率均为100%。该数据表明狐狸对EBLV - 1和EBLV - 2的易感性较低，并且EBLVs从蝙蝠传播（溢出）并适应狐狸在理论上可能但不太可能。
