Stacey Stephanie M, Thomas Graham B, Labbé Alain, Van Meyel Donald J
Graduate Program in Neurological Sciences, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Neuron Glia Biol. 2007 Feb;3(1):27-33. doi: 10.1017/S1740925X07000506.
Interactions between neurons and glial cells are crucial for nervous system development and function in all complex organisms, and many functional, morphological and molecular features of glia are well conserved among species. Here we review studies of the longitudinal glia (LG) in the Drosophila CNS. The LG envelop the neuropil in a membrane sheath, and have features resembling both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Because of their unique lineage, morphology and molecular features, the LG provide an excellent model to study the genetic mechanisms underlying glial subtype differentiation and diversity, glial morphogenesis and neuron-glial interactions during development. In addition, they are proving useful in understanding how glial cells maintain ion and neurotransmitter homeostasis and protect neurons from environmental insult.
在所有复杂生物体中，神经元与神经胶质细胞之间的相互作用对于神经系统的发育和功能至关重要，并且神经胶质细胞的许多功能、形态和分子特征在物种间高度保守。在此，我们综述了对果蝇中枢神经系统中纵向神经胶质细胞（LG）的研究。LG以膜鞘包裹神经纤维网，具有类似于少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的特征。由于其独特的谱系、形态和分子特征，LG为研究神经胶质细胞亚型分化和多样性、神经胶质形态发生以及发育过程中神经元与神经胶质细胞相互作用的遗传机制提供了一个极佳的模型。此外，它们在理解神经胶质细胞如何维持离子和神经递质稳态以及保护神经元免受环境损伤方面也很有帮助。
