Bouws Henning, Wattenberg Andreas, Zorn Holger
AG Technische Biochemie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008 Sep;80(3):381-8. doi: 10.1007/s00253-008-1572-5. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Adapting their metabolism to varying carbon and nitrogen sources, saprophytic fungi produce an arsenal of extracellular enzymes, the secretome, which allows for an efficient degradation of lignocelluloses and further biopolymers. Based on fundamental advances in electrophoretic, chromatographic, and mass spectrometric techniques on the one hand and the availability of annotated fungal genomes and sophisticated bioinformatic software tools on the other hand, a detailed analysis of fungal secretomes has become feasible. While a number of reports on ascomycetous secretomes of, e.g., Aspergillus, Trichoderma, and Fusarium species are already available, studies on basidiomycetes have been mainly focused on the two model organisms Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coprinopsis cinerea so far. Though an impressive number and diversity of fungal biocatalysts has been revealed by secretome analyses, the identity and function of many extracellular proteins still remains to be elucidated. A comprehensive understanding of the qualitative and quantitative composition of fungal secretomes, together with their synergistic actions and kinetic expression profiles, will allow for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails for white biotechnology.
腐生真菌通过调整自身代谢以适应不同的碳源和氮源，从而产生一系列胞外酶，即分泌组，这使得它们能够有效地降解木质纤维素及其他生物聚合物。一方面，基于电泳、色谱和质谱技术的根本性进展，另一方面，由于已注释的真菌基因组的可用性以及先进的生物信息学软件工具，对真菌分泌组进行详细分析已成为可能。虽然已经有许多关于曲霉属、木霉属和镰刀菌属等子囊菌分泌组的报道，但迄今为止，关于担子菌的研究主要集中在两种模式生物——黄孢原毛平革菌和灰盖鬼伞上。尽管分泌组分析揭示了数量可观且种类多样的真菌生物催化剂，但许多胞外蛋白的身份和功能仍有待阐明。全面了解真菌分泌组的定性和定量组成，以及它们的协同作用和动力学表达谱，将有助于开发用于白色生物技术的优化酶混合物。
