Liu Aidong, Zhao Liyun, Yu Dongmei, Yu Wentao
Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bejing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2008 May;37(3):324-6.
To analyze the malnutrition status and change trend of the children under the age of 5 years in China, and to afford the reference information for the establishment of children nutrition related policies.
According to the classification of east, middle and west areas in China, as well as urban and rural, the multi-stage cluster probability sampling was used to select randomly total 17607 children under the age of 5 years, whose weight and height were measured by standard method.
In Chinese children under the age of 5 years, the stunting prevalence of Chinese children under 5 years was 9.9%, the underweight prevalence was 5.9% and the wasting prevalence was 2.2%. There were significant differences of the malnutrition prevalence between the urban areas and rural areas (P < 0.05). The prevalence of stunting of rural children was 5.3 times higher than that of urban as well as the prevalence of underweight in rural was 4.6 times higher than that in urban. In the same way, the prevalence of children malnutrition in middle and west areas was significantly higher than that of the prevalence in east area (P < 0.05). In comparison with the data of Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey (CNHS) in 2002, the prevalence of children stunting and underweight decreased by 30.8% and 24.4% respectively in 2006.
In recent years, the malnutrition prevalence of Chinese children under the age of 5 years declined yearly and the decreases of prevalence of children malnutrition in urban areas was more faster than that in rural areas. It showed that the nutrition status of the children in west areas needs more improvement and at the same time, the status of children nutrition of west area also requires more concerns.
分析中国5岁以下儿童的营养不良状况及变化趋势，为制定儿童营养相关政策提供参考依据。
按照中国东、中、西部地区以及城乡分类，采用多阶段整群概率抽样方法，随机抽取17607名5岁以下儿童，采用标准方法测量其体重和身高。
中国5岁以下儿童中，生长迟缓患病率为9.9%，低体重患病率为5.9%，消瘦患病率为2.2%。城乡之间营养不良患病率存在显著差异（P<0.05）。农村儿童生长迟缓患病率是城市的5.3倍，农村低体重患病率是城市的4.6倍。同样，中西部地区儿童营养不良患病率显著高于东部地区（P<0.05）。与2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查（CNHS）数据相比，2006年儿童生长迟缓和低体重患病率分别下降了30.8%和24.4%。
近年来，中国5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率逐年下降，城市地区儿童营养不良患病率下降速度快于农村地区。表明西部地区儿童营养状况有待进一步改善，同时西部地区儿童营养状况也需要更多关注。
