Raghuwanshi Anita, Joshi Sneha S, Christakos Sylvia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
J Cell Biochem. 2008 Oct 1;105(2):338-43. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21858.
Vitamin D is a principal regulator of calcium homeostasis. However, recent evidence has indicated that vitamin D can have numerous other physiological functions including inhibition of proliferation of a number of malignant cells including breast and prostate cancer cells and protection against certain immune mediated disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS). The geographic incidence of MS indicates an increase in MS with a decrease in sunlight exposure. Since vitamin D is produced in the skin by solar or UV irradiation and high serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) have been reported to correlate with a reduced risk of MS, a protective role of vitamin D is suggested. Mechanisms whereby the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) may act to mediate this protective effect are reviewed. Due to its immunosuppressive actions, it has been suggested that 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) may prevent the induction of MS.
维生素D是钙稳态的主要调节因子。然而，最近的证据表明，维生素D还具有许多其他生理功能，包括抑制多种恶性细胞（包括乳腺癌和前列腺癌细胞）的增殖，以及预防某些免疫介导的疾病，如多发性硬化症（MS）。MS的地理发病率表明，随着阳光照射减少，MS发病率增加。由于维生素D是通过阳光或紫外线照射在皮肤中产生的，并且据报道血清中高浓度的25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）与降低MS风险相关，因此提示维生素D具有保护作用。本文综述了维生素D的活性形式1,25-二羟基维生素D(3)（1,25(OH)(2)D(3)）可能介导这种保护作用的机制。由于其免疫抑制作用，有人提出1,25(OH)(2)D(3)可能预防MS的诱发。
