Vaselli Stefano, Bulleri Fabio, Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro
Laboratory of Coastal Biodiversity, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
Mar Environ Res. 2008 Oct;66(4):395-403. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.06.002. Epub 2008 Jun 18.
The use of hard coastal-defence structures, like breakwaters and seawalls, is rapidly increasing to prevent coastal erosion. We compared low-shore assemblages between wave-protected and wave-exposed habitats on breakwaters along a sandy shore of Tuscany (North-Western Mediterranean). Assemblages were generally characterized by a low diversity of taxa, with space monopolized by Mytilus galloprovincialis and Corallina elongata on the seaward side of breakwaters and by filamentous algae on the landward side. Assemblages in wave-protected habitats were characterized by greater temporal stability than those in exposed habitats and supported non-indigenous macroalgae such as Caulerpa racemosa and Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides. Hence, the introduction of hard coastal-defence structures in otherwise soft-bottom dominated areas, attracting native and exotic rocky-bottom species, should be of great concern for the conservation of marine biodiversity at local and regional scales and for the management of biological invasions.
为防止海岸侵蚀，诸如防波堤和海堤等硬质海岸防御结构的使用正在迅速增加。我们比较了托斯卡纳（地中海西北部）沙质海岸沿线防波堤上受波浪保护和暴露于波浪的栖息地之间的低潮带生物群落。生物群落的总体特征是分类单元多样性较低，在防波堤向海一侧，空间被加利福尼亚贻贝和长珊瑚藻占据，而在向陆一侧则被丝状藻类占据。受波浪保护的栖息地中的生物群落比暴露栖息地中的生物群落具有更大的时间稳定性，并支持非本地大型藻类，如总状蕨藻和脆弱仙掌藻绒毛亚种。因此，在原本以软底为主的区域引入硬质海岸防御结构，吸引本地和外来的岩底物种，这对于地方和区域尺度的海洋生物多样性保护以及生物入侵管理而言，应引起高度关注。
