Dorafshan Salar, Kalbassi Mohammad Reza, Pourkazemi Mohammad, Amiri Bagher Mojazi, Karimi Sahel Soltan
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, 46414-356, Mazandaran, Iran.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2008 Sep;34(3):195-200. doi: 10.1007/s10695-007-9176-z. Epub 2007 Sep 6.
The aim of this study was a comparison of key haematological features of diploid (2n) and triploid (3n) Caspian salmon (Salmo trutta caspius). Morphometric indices of erythrocytes were determined on blood smears by light microscopy. Triploidy significantly (P < 0.001) increased all morphometric indices measured in the erythrocytes including cell size, cell surface area, and cell volume. The increase in cell size was larger for the major (27%) axis than for the minor (22%) axis, thus making erythrocytes of 3n Caspian salmon more ellipsoidal. The estimated increase in erythrocyte nuclear volume (87%) was bigger than the theoretical expected 50% increase. Haematological indices were measured manually by hemocytometry. Triploids had lower numbers of red blood cells (RBC: 1,120,000 cells/mL in 2n vs. 700,000 cells/mL in 3n; P < 0.001) but they were larger in size (mean erythrocytic volume [MEV]: 363.1 nm3 in 2n vs. 483.3 nm3 in 3n; P < 0.001). The decrease in RBC number was not compensated by the increase in MEV and, thus, triploidy affected the haematocrit (Hct: 38.8% in 2n vs. 33.06% in 3n; P < 0.05). Total blood hemoglobin concentration was lower in triploid fish (Hb: 9.9 g/dL in 2n vs. 8.9 g/dL in 3n; P < 0.05). In contrast, mean erythrocytic hemoglobin (MEH: 95 mug in 2n vs. 133.2 mug in 3n; P < 0.001) was higher for 3n Caspian salmon as a result of their larger erythrocytes, although MEH concentration (MEHC: 0.26 g/dL in 2n vs. 0.27 g/dL in 3n) did not significantly differ (P > 0.05). White blood cell (WBC) counts (lymphocytes and neutrophiles) were measured and WBC/RBC ratios were calculated. There were no significant differences in WBC (15,710 cells/mL in 2n vs. 12,683 cells/mL in 3n; P > 0.05), lymphocytes, and neutrophils as %WBC as well as WBC/RBC ratios between two ploidy levels (P > 0.05). Triploid Caspian salmon showed higher erythrocyte abnormalities such as 'twisted', 'tailed', and 'anucleated' cells as well as high portions of immature RBC in blood smears in comparison with diploids (P < 0.001).
本研究的目的是比较二倍体（2n）和三倍体（3n）里海鲑鱼（Salmo trutta caspius）的关键血液学特征。通过光学显微镜在血涂片上测定红细胞的形态学指标。三倍体显著（P < 0.001）增加了红细胞中所有测量的形态学指标，包括细胞大小、细胞表面积和细胞体积。主要轴（27%）的细胞大小增加幅度大于次要轴（22%），因此3n里海鲑鱼的红细胞更呈椭圆形。估计红细胞核体积增加（87%）大于理论预期的50%增加。血液学指标通过血细胞计数法手动测量。三倍体的红细胞数量较少（2n为1,120,000个细胞/毫升，3n为700,000个细胞/毫升；P < 0.001），但它们的大小更大（平均红细胞体积[MEV]：2n为363.1立方纳米，3n为483.3立方纳米；P < 0.001）。红细胞数量的减少未被MEV的增加所补偿，因此，三倍体影响了血细胞比容（Hct：2n为38.8%，3n为33.06%；P < 0.05）。三倍体鱼的全血血红蛋白浓度较低（Hb：2n为9.9克/分升，3n为8.9克/分升；P < 0.05）。相比之下，3n里海鲑鱼的平均红细胞血红蛋白（MEH：2n为95微克，3n为133.2微克；P < 0.001）较高，这是由于它们的红细胞较大，尽管MEH浓度（MEHC：2n为0.26克/分升，3n为0.27克/分升）没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。测量了白细胞（WBC）计数（淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞）并计算了WBC/RBC比率。两个倍性水平之间的WBC（2n为15,710个细胞/毫升，3n为12,683个细胞/毫升；P > 0.05）、淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞占WBC的百分比以及WBC/RBC比率没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。与二倍体相比，三倍体里海鲑鱼在血涂片中表现出更高的红细胞异常，如“扭曲”、“有尾”和“无核”细胞以及未成熟红细胞的高比例（P < 0.001）。
