Barksdale Crystal L, Molock Sherry D
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Hampton House 808, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
J Behav Health Serv Res. 2009 Jul;36(3):285-99. doi: 10.1007/s11414-008-9138-y. Epub 2008 Jul 31.
In general, African Americans do not seek mental health treatment from formal sources at the same rates as Caucasians. The present study examined whether culturally relevant factors (i.e., perceived negative peer and family norms about help seeking) influence help-seeking intentions in a late adolescent African-American sample (n = 219) and whether there is a gender difference in the predictive strength between peer and family norms. Participants were primarily female (n = 144). Multiple regressions were implemented to explore the relationship between perceived norms and help-seeking intentions. Analyses revealed that males had higher perceived peer norms, and family norms were a stronger predictor of intentions than peer norms for females. Individually, peer norms and family norms were related to help-seeking intentions. When perceived norms were analyzed together, only negative family norms were related to intentions. Findings suggest that incorporating family norms is critical when developing interventions to increase formal service utilization among African Americans.
总体而言，非裔美国人寻求正规心理健康治疗的比例与白人不同。本研究调查了与文化相关的因素（即同龄人及家庭对寻求帮助的负面认知规范）是否会影响非裔美国青少年晚期样本（n = 219）的寻求帮助意愿，以及同龄人规范和家庭规范在预测强度上是否存在性别差异。参与者主要为女性（n = 144）。采用多元回归分析来探究认知规范与寻求帮助意愿之间的关系。分析结果显示，男性对同龄人规范的认知度更高，对于女性而言，家庭规范比同龄人规范对意愿的预测性更强。就个体而言，同龄人规范和家庭规范都与寻求帮助意愿相关。当综合分析认知规范时，只有负面家庭规范与意愿相关。研究结果表明，在制定干预措施以提高非裔美国人对正规服务的利用率时，纳入家庭规范至关重要。
