Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Van Doren); Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences (Zhu, Fitzsimmons-Craft) and Psychiatry (Vázquez, Shah, Grammer, Fitzsimmons-Craft, Wilfley), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Eisenberg); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford; Center for mHealth, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California (Taylor); Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park (Newman).
Psychiatr Serv. 2024 Sep 1;75(9):839-846. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230185. Epub 2024 May 29.
Using a sample of U.S. college students, the authors evaluated whether barriers to mental health treatment varied by race and ethnicity.
Data were drawn from a large multicampus study conducted across 26 U.S. colleges and universities. The sample (N=5,841) included students who screened positive for at least one mental disorder and who were not currently receiving psychotherapy.
The most prevalent barriers to treatment across the sample were a preference to deal with issues on one's own, lack of time, and financial difficulties. Black and Hispanic/Latine students reported a greater willingness to seek treatment than did White students. However, Black and Hispanic/Latine students faced more financial barriers to treatment, and Hispanic/Latine students also reported lower perceived importance of mental health. Asian American students also reported financial barriers and preferred to handle their issues on their own or with support from family or friends and had lower readiness, willingness, and intentionality to seek help than did White students.
Disparities in unmet treatment needs may arise from both distinct and common barriers and point to the potential benefits of tailored interventions to address the specific needs of students of color from various racial and ethnic backgrounds. The findings further underscore the pressing need for low-cost and brief treatment models that can be used or accessed independently to address the most prevalent barriers for students.
本研究使用美国大学生样本,评估心理健康治疗障碍是否因种族和民族而异。
数据来自于一项在美国 26 所高校进行的大型多校区研究。该样本(N=5841)包括至少筛查出一种精神障碍且目前未接受心理治疗的学生。
在整个样本中,最常见的治疗障碍是倾向于自行处理问题、缺乏时间和经济困难。与白人学生相比,黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔学生表示更愿意寻求治疗。然而,黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔学生面临更多的经济治疗障碍,西班牙裔/拉丁裔学生也报告称心理健康的重要性较低。亚裔美国学生也报告了经济障碍,他们更倾向于自行或在家人或朋友的支持下处理问题,与白人学生相比,他们寻求帮助的准备程度、意愿和意向都较低。
未满足的治疗需求的差异可能源于独特和共同的障碍,并指出针对不同种族和族裔背景的有色人种学生的特定需求制定针对性干预措施的潜在益处。这些发现进一步强调了迫切需要低成本和简短的治疗模式,可以独立使用或获取,以解决学生最常见的障碍。