注意力缺陷多动障碍亚型与共病的焦虑、抑郁和对立违抗障碍：睡眠问题的差异
ADHD subtypes and comorbid anxiety, depression, and oppositional-defiant disorder: differences in sleep problems.
作者信息
Mayes Susan Dickerson, Calhoun Susan L, Bixler Edward O, Vgontzas Alexandros N, Mahr Fauzia, Hillwig-Garcia Jolene, Elamir Belal, Edhere-Ekezie Linda, Parvin Matthew
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
出版信息
J Pediatr Psychol. 2009 Apr;34(3):328-37. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsn083. Epub 2008 Aug 1.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Sleep problems were analyzed in children with ADHD (Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder).
METHODS
Scales were completed by parents of 135 control children and 681 children with ADHD combined type (ADHD-C) or inattentive type (ADHD-I) with or without comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), anxiety, or depression.
RESULTS
Children with ADHD-I alone had the fewest sleep problems and did not differ from controls. Children with ADHD-C had more sleep problems than controls and children with ADHD-I. Comorbid anxiety/depression increased sleep problems, whereas ODD did not. Daytime sleepiness was greatest in ADHD-I and was associated with sleeping more (not less) than normal. Medicated children had greater difficulty falling asleep than unmedicated children.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in sleep problems were found as a function of ADHD subtype, comorbidity, and medication.
摘要
目的
分析注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿的睡眠问题。
方法
135名对照儿童以及681名合并或不合并对立违抗障碍（ODD）、焦虑或抑郁的ADHD混合型（ADHD-C）或注意力不集中型（ADHD-I）患儿的家长完成了相关量表。
结果
单纯ADHD-I患儿的睡眠问题最少，与对照儿童无差异。ADHD-C患儿比对照儿童和ADHD-I患儿有更多的睡眠问题。共病焦虑/抑郁会增加睡眠问题，而ODD则不会。ADHD-I患儿白天嗜睡最为严重，且与睡眠时间多于（而非少于）正常水平有关。服用药物的患儿比未服用药物的患儿入睡困难更大。
结论
发现睡眠问题的差异与ADHD亚型、共病情况及药物治疗有关。
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