Baeyens Dieter, Roeyers Herbert, Walle Johan Vande
Department of Psychology, Developmental Disorders, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B - 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2006 Summer;36(4):403-17. doi: 10.1007/s10578-006-0011-z.
The aim of this literature review is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding differences and similarities between the inattentive (IA) and combined (C) subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in order to detail challenges concerning further conceptualization, diagnostics, and treatment. The literature on ADHD-IA and ADHD-C was reviewed and contrasted across genetic, neuroanatomical, neurophysiological/ neurochemical, neuro(psycho)logical, and clinical psychiatric measurement levels. It was found that the more fundamental the measurement level, the less unambiguous evidence is found for subtype differences. Only on the clinical psychiatric diagnostic level, do more or less clear-cut differences in cognitive, social, academic, and behavioural functioning emerge. In conclusion, fundamental research that compares ADHD-IA and ADHD-C is relatively rare. At this point, only irrefutable phenomenological evidence of subtype differences seems to be available, even in attention problems which are presumed to be identical. The question as to whether both subtypes should be considered as two independent disorders was not adequately resolved.
这篇文献综述的目的是评估关于注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的注意力不集中型（IA）和混合型（C）亚型之间异同的当前知识状态，以便详细阐述在进一步概念化、诊断和治疗方面所面临的挑战。对关于ADHD-IA和ADHD-C的文献在遗传、神经解剖、神经生理/神经化学、神经（心理）学以及临床精神病学测量水平上进行了综述和对比。结果发现，测量水平越基础，关于亚型差异的明确证据就越少。只有在临床精神病学诊断水平上，认知、社交、学业和行为功能方面才会出现或多或少明确的差异。总之，比较ADHD-IA和ADHD-C的基础研究相对较少。在这一点上，即使在被认为相同的注意力问题中，似乎也只有不可辩驳的现象学证据表明存在亚型差异。关于这两种亚型是否应被视为两种独立疾病的问题尚未得到充分解决。
