Serena A, Jørgensen H, Bach Knudsen K E
Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Aarhus, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
J Anim Sci. 2009 Jan;87(1):136-47. doi: 10.2527/jas.2007-0714. Epub 2008 Aug 1.
The current investigation was undertaken to study the absorption and plasma concentration of carbohydrate-derived nutrients [glucose, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and lactate] and the apparent insulin production in sows fed diets containing contrasting types and contents of dietary fiber. Six sows were fed 3 experimental diets, low fiber (LF; 177 g of dietary fiber and 44 g of soluble fiber/kg of DM), high soluble fiber (HF-S; 429 g of dietary fiber and 111 g of soluble fiber/kg of DM), and high insoluble fiber (HF-I; 455 g of dietary fiber and 74 g of soluble fiber/kg of DM), in a repeated crossover design. Variations in dietary concentration and solubility of dietary fiber were obtained by substituting starch-rich wheat and barley in the LF diet with dietary fiber-rich co-products (sugar beet pulp, potato pulp, pectin residue, brewers spent grain, pea hulls, and seed residue, which have distinct physicochemical properties). The main carbohydrate component of the LF diet was starch and nonstarch polysaccharides (cellulose and noncellulosic polysaccharides) for the 2 high dietary fiber diets. Consumption of the LF diet resulted in increased and rapid glucose absorption at 0 to 4 h postfeeding. With the HF-I diet, the glucose absorption pattern was similar but at a decreased rate, whereas it was decreased and delayed with the HF-S diet (diet, P < 0.001; time, P < 0.001). These differences were also reflected in the insulin response. The quantitative absorption of SCFA at 0 to 10 h postfeeding was greater when feeding the HF-S diet compared with the LF diet (P < 0.001) and intermediate when feeding the HF-I diet (P < 0.001). The study showed that feeding the high dietary fiber diets resulted in a increased and more uniform uptake of SCFA than when feeding the LF control. Moreover, the HF-S diet reduced diurnal variation in glucose and insulin concentrations.
本研究旨在探讨在饲喂含有不同类型和含量膳食纤维的日粮的母猪中，碳水化合物衍生营养素（葡萄糖、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和乳酸）的吸收和血浆浓度，以及表观胰岛素分泌情况。采用重复交叉设计，6头母猪分别饲喂3种试验日粮：低纤维日粮（LF；每千克干物质含177克膳食纤维和44克可溶性纤维）、高可溶性纤维日粮（HF-S；每千克干物质含429克膳食纤维和111克可溶性纤维）和高不溶性纤维日粮（HF-I；每千克干物质含455克膳食纤维和74克可溶性纤维）。通过用富含膳食纤维的副产品（甜菜粕、马铃薯渣、果胶残渣、啤酒糟、豌豆壳和种子残渣，它们具有不同的物理化学性质）替代LF日粮中富含淀粉的小麦和大麦，来改变日粮中膳食纤维的浓度和溶解性。LF日粮的主要碳水化合物成分是淀粉，而两种高膳食纤维日粮的主要碳水化合物成分是淀粉和非淀粉多糖（纤维素和非纤维素多糖）。采食LF日粮后，0至4小时的葡萄糖吸收增加且迅速。采食HF-I日粮时，葡萄糖吸收模式相似但速率降低，而采食HF-S日粮时葡萄糖吸收减少且延迟（日粮，P<0.001；时间，P<0.001）。这些差异也反映在胰岛素反应上。采食HF-S日粮时，0至10小时的SCFA定量吸收量高于LF日粮（P<0.001），采食HF-I日粮时则处于中间水平（P<0.001）。研究表明，与饲喂LF对照日粮相比，饲喂高膳食纤维日粮可使SCFA的吸收增加且更均匀。此外，HF-S日粮减少了葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度的昼夜变化。
