Rinaldi Laura, Musella Vincenzo, Biggeri Annibale, Cringoli Giuseppe
Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanità Animale, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Geospat Health. 2006 Nov;1(1):33-47. doi: 10.4081/gh.2006.279.
Over the past 10-15 years, significant advances have been made in the development and application of geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). In veterinary sciences, particularly in veterinary parasitology, GIS and RS offer powerful means for disease mapping, ecological analysis and epidemiological surveillance and have become indispensable tools for processing, analysing and visualising spatial data. They can also significantly assist with the assessment of the distribution of health-relevant environmental factors via interpolation and modelling. In this review, we first summarize general aspects of GIS and RS, and emphasize the most important applications of these tools in veterinary parasitology, including recent advances in territorial sampling. Disease mapping, spatial statistics, including Bayesian inference, ecological analyses and epidemiological surveillance are summarized in the next section and illustrated with a set of figures. Finally, a set of conclusions is put forward.
在过去10至15年里，地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感（RS）的开发与应用取得了重大进展。在兽医学领域，尤其是兽医寄生虫学中，GIS和RS为疾病绘图、生态分析和流行病学监测提供了强大手段，已成为处理、分析和可视化空间数据不可或缺的工具。它们还能通过插值和建模，极大地辅助评估与健康相关的环境因素分布情况。在本综述中，我们首先总结GIS和RS的一般情况，并强调这些工具在兽医寄生虫学中的最重要应用，包括区域采样的最新进展。下一部分将总结疾病绘图、空间统计（包括贝叶斯推理）、生态分析和流行病学监测，并配有一组图表进行说明。最后，提出了一系列结论。
