Byron Elizabeth, Gillespie Stuart, Nangami Mabel
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC.
Food Nutr Bull. 2008 Jun;29(2):87-97. doi: 10.1177/156482650802900202.
The increased caloric requirements of HIV-positive individuals, undesirable side effects of treatment that may be worsened by malnutrition (but alleviated by nutritional support), and associated declines in adherence and possible increased drug resistance are all justifications for developing better interventions to strengthen the nutrition security of individuals receiving antiretroviral treatment.
To highlight key benefits and challenges relating to interventions aimed at strengthening the nutrition security of people living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral treatment.
Qualitative research was undertaken on a short-term nutrition intervention linked to the provision of free antiretroviral treatment for people living with HIV in western Kenya in late 2005 and early 2006.
Patients enrolled in the food program while on treatment regimens self-reported greater adherence to their medication, fewer side effects, and a greater ability to satisfy increased appetite. Most clients self-reported weight gain, recovery of physical strength, and the resumption of labor activities while enrolled in dual (food supplementation and treatment) programs. Such improvements were seen to catalyze increased support from family and community.
These findings provide further empirical support to calls for a more holistic and comprehensive response to the coexistence of AIDS epidemics with chronic nutrition insecurity. Future work is needed to clarify ways of bridging the gap between short-term nutritional support to individuals and longer-term livelihood security programming for communities affected by AIDS. Such interdisciplinary research will need to be matched by intersectoral action on the part of the agriculture and health sectors in such environments.
HIV 阳性个体热量需求增加、治疗的不良副作用可能因营养不良而恶化（但可通过营养支持缓解），以及依从性下降和耐药性可能增加，这些都是开发更好的干预措施以加强接受抗逆转录病毒治疗个体营养安全的理由。
强调与旨在加强接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 感染者营养安全的干预措施相关的主要益处和挑战。
2005 年末和 2006 年初，对肯尼亚西部为 HIV 感染者提供免费抗逆转录病毒治疗的短期营养干预措施进行了定性研究。
参与食品计划的患者在接受治疗方案时自我报告称对药物的依从性更高、副作用更少，且更有能力满足增加的食欲。大多数客户自我报告在参加双重（食品补充和治疗）计划期间体重增加、体力恢复并恢复了劳动活动。这些改善促使家庭和社区提供更多支持。
这些发现为呼吁对艾滋病流行与慢性营养不安全并存的情况采取更全面、综合性应对措施提供了进一步的实证支持。需要开展进一步工作，以明确如何弥合对个体的短期营养支持与受艾滋病影响社区的长期生计安全规划之间的差距。在这种环境下，农业和卫生部门需要采取跨部门行动，与这种跨学科研究相匹配。
