2003 - 2005年泰国曼谷注射吸毒者中乙型肝炎、破伤风、甲型肝炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒的流行情况及疫苗接种的可行性

Prevalence of hepatitis B, tetanus, hepatitis A, human immunodeficiency virus and feasibility of vaccine delivery among injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand, 2003-2005.

作者信息

Sunthornchart Sunthorn, Linkins Robert W, Natephisarnwanish Voranut, Levine William C, Maneesinthu Kunyarat, Lolekha Rangsima, Tappero Jordan W, Trirat Nisanart, Muktier Suchada, Chancharastong Pennapa, Fox Kimberley, Donchalermpak Suwanna, Vitek Charles, Supawitkul Somsak

机构信息

Department of Health Services, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Thailand.

出版信息

Addiction. 2008 Oct;103(10):1687-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02303.x. Epub 2008 Aug 14.

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02303.x

PMID:18705685

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), tetanus, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in injecting drug users (IDUs), risk factors associated with infection and the feasibility of HBV vaccine delivery in HBV seronegatives.

METHODS

Cross-sectional seroprevalence survey of 1535 IDUs recruited from 17 Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) methadone clinics and HBV vaccination of seronegatives.

RESULTS

Prevalence of antibody to HBV, tetanus, HAV and HIV was 87.8%, 68.1%, 60.2% and 35.9%, respectively. Prevalence of HBV and HAV increased with increasing age; prevalence of tetanus decreased with increasing age. Being HIV seropositive was related inversely to income and being tetanus seronegative. Of the 189 HBV seronegative IDUs, 81.0% completed the vaccine series. IDUs with HIV had a 6.5-fold odds of vaccine non-response.

CONCLUSIONS

These data underscore the need for, and feasibility of, vaccine delivery in this population and support targeting efforts at high-risk age groups.

摘要

目的

评估注射吸毒者中乙肝病毒（HBV）、破伤风、甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的感染率、感染相关危险因素以及对HBV血清阴性者接种HBV疫苗的可行性。

方法

对从曼谷17家市政厅美沙酮诊所招募的1535名注射吸毒者进行横断面血清学感染率调查，并对血清阴性者接种HBV疫苗。

结果

HBV、破伤风、HAV和HIV抗体的感染率分别为87.8%、68.1%、60.2%和35.9%。HBV和HAV的感染率随年龄增长而升高；破伤风的感染率随年龄增长而降低。HIV血清阳性与收入呈负相关，破伤风血清阴性也与收入呈负相关。在189名HBV血清阴性的注射吸毒者中，81.0%完成了疫苗接种系列。感染HIV的注射吸毒者疫苗接种无应答几率是未感染HIV者的6.5倍。