Shaw Kerry L, Parsons Yvonne M
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Am Nat. 2002 Mar;159 Suppl 3:S61-75. doi: 10.1086/338373.
The divergence of premating behavior and morphology plays a primary role in speciation, and an understanding of the genetic architectures of these phenotypes is essential for the evaluation of models of the speciation process. However, our empirical knowledge of the genetics underlying speciation-related traits remains limited. In this article, we argue that a dissection of specific aspects of the genetic architecture of such traits in a comparative context can allow us to rule out some mechanisms of divergence. We discuss these ideas with reference to our investigation of intersexual communication behaviors involved in mate recognition in the Hawaiian cricket genus Laupala. Different species of Laupala sing distinctively and show species-specific acoustic preferences. We focus on the sister species Laupala paranigra and Laupala kohalensis, characterized by differences in these classic courtship phenotypes. We discuss our preliminary results on the directionality of effect of substituted alleles underlying these species differences. We then discuss these results in the context of historical inference, a necessary perspective for testing the genomic predictions made by theories of speciation that focus on evolution of mate recognition systems.
交配前行为和形态的差异在物种形成中起着主要作用，了解这些表型的遗传结构对于评估物种形成过程的模型至关重要。然而，我们对物种形成相关性状背后遗传学的实证知识仍然有限。在本文中，我们认为在比较背景下剖析此类性状遗传结构的特定方面可以使我们排除一些分化机制。我们参考对夏威夷蟋蟀属Laupala中参与配偶识别的两性间交流行为的研究来讨论这些观点。Laupala的不同物种歌声独特，并表现出物种特异性的声学偏好。我们关注姐妹物种Laupala paranigra和Laupala kohalensis，它们的特征在于这些经典求偶表型的差异。我们讨论了关于这些物种差异背后替代等位基因效应方向性的初步结果。然后我们在历史推断的背景下讨论这些结果，历史推断是检验专注于配偶识别系统进化的物种形成理论所做出的基因组预测的必要视角。
