O'Connor Kate, Kirk Ian
Department of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2008 Nov;38(10):1989-97. doi: 10.1007/s10803-008-0559-5. Epub 2008 Aug 19.
A central question to autism research is whether autism is largely the result of an impairment in social cognition and/or motivation or the result of a more general processing difference. This review discusses problems with the "social deficit" model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is suggested that superior attention to low-level perceptual information potentially coupled with decreased attention to global information may provide a more comprehensive explanation for atypical social behaviours in ASD. This processing style may reflect increased activation of occipital-temporal regions and reduced functional (and possibly anatomical) connectivity. It is concluded that atypical social behaviours in ASD are more likely to be a consequence reflective of a general processing difference than impairment in social cognition and/or motivation.
自闭症研究的一个核心问题是，自闭症主要是社会认知和/或动机受损的结果，还是更普遍的加工差异的结果。本综述讨论了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）“社交缺陷”模型存在的问题。研究表明，对低水平感知信息的过度关注，可能与对整体信息的关注减少相结合，这可能为ASD中不典型的社交行为提供更全面的解释。这种加工方式可能反映出枕颞区的激活增加以及功能（可能还有结构）连接性降低。研究得出的结论是，ASD中不典型的社交行为更有可能是一般加工差异的反映，而非社会认知和/或动机受损的结果。
