MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008 Aug 22;57(33):893-6.
Sporadic importations of measles into the United States have occurred since the disease was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000. During January-July 2008, 131 measles cases were reported to CDC, compared with an average of 63 cases per year during 2000-2007. This report updates an earlier report on measles in the United States during 2008 and summarizes two recent U.S outbreaks among unvaccinated school-aged children. Among those measles cases reported during the first 7 months of 2008, 76% were in persons aged <20 years, and 91% were in persons who were unvaccinated or of unknown vaccination status. Of the 131 cases, 89% were imported from or associated with importations from other countries, particularly countries in Europe, where several outbreaks are ongoing. The findings demonstrate that measles outbreaks can occur in communities with a high number of unvaccinated persons and that maintaining high overall measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage rates in the United States is needed to continue to limit the spread of measles.
自2000年美国宣布消除麻疹疾病以来,仍有偶发性麻疹病例输入美国。在2008年1月至7月期间,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)共接到131例麻疹病例报告,而2000年至2007年期间平均每年报告63例。本报告更新了之前关于2008年美国麻疹情况的报告,并总结了近期在美国未接种疫苗的学龄儿童中发生的两起麻疹疫情。在2008年头7个月报告的麻疹病例中,76%为20岁以下人群,91%为未接种疫苗或疫苗接种状况不明的人群。在这131例病例中,89%是从其他国家输入或与从其他国家输入相关联的,特别是欧洲国家,这些国家目前正在发生几起疫情。这些调查结果表明,在未接种疫苗人群数量较多的社区可能发生麻疹疫情,并且需要在美国保持较高的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)总体疫苗接种覆盖率,以继续限制麻疹的传播。