Escribà-Agüir Vicenta, Artazcoz Lucía, Pérez-Hoyos Santiago
CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, España.
Gac Sanit. 2008 Jul-Aug;22(4):300-8. doi: 10.1157/13125351.
To describe the prevalence of burnout syndrome according to medical specialty and to examine the impact of work psychosocial risk factors, job satisfaction and professional characteristics on burnout syndrome among specialist physicians throughout Spain.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 1,021 Spanish physicians. The outcome variables were the 3 dimensions of burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The explanatory variables were work psychosocial risk factors and job satisfaction evaluated by a stress scale specifically designed for physicians. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression.
The probability of high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were greater in physicians exposed to a high level of contact with suffering and death and to a negative impact of work on home life. The probability of high emotional exhaustion was greater among physicians with a high work overload. The risk of low personal accomplishment was higher among physicians with low professional satisfaction and those without training activities. Dissatisfaction with relationships with patients and relatives had a negative effect on the 3 dimensions of burnout.
Psychosocial work environment and job satisfaction have a negative effect on burnout syndrome, especially on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.
根据医学专业描述倦怠综合征的患病率，并研究工作心理社会风险因素、工作满意度和专业特征对西班牙全体专科医生倦怠综合征的影响。
对1021名西班牙医生进行了横断面调查。结果变量为倦怠综合征的三个维度：情感耗竭、去个性化和个人成就感。解释变量为工作心理社会风险因素和通过专门为医生设计的压力量表评估的工作满意度。通过逻辑回归计算调整后的优势比及其95%置信区间。
在接触高水平痛苦和死亡以及工作对家庭生活有负面影响的医生中，出现高度情感耗竭和去个性化的可能性更大。工作负荷高的医生出现高度情感耗竭的可能性更大。专业满意度低和没有培训活动的医生个人成就感低的风险更高。对与患者及亲属关系的不满对倦怠的三个维度都有负面影响。
工作心理社会环境和工作满意度对倦怠综合征有负面影响，尤其是对情感耗竭和去个性化。
