Griffith Obi L, Chiu Connie G, Gown Allen M, Jones Steven J M, Wiseman Sam M
Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia & Michael Smith Genome, Sciences Center, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 100-570 West 7th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada.
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2008 Sep;8(9):1399-413. doi: 10.1586/14737140.8.9.1399.
The accurate preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer continues to be a significant challenge for those individuals who present with nodular thyroid disease, particularly for tumors with indeterminate cytomorphological features by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. In an effort to develop improved diagnostic tools, a number of studies have investigated the discriminatory potential of many different RNA and protein molecules. However, no individual thyroid cancer biomarker has been found with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, research focus has shifted to panels of multiple markers with the hope of improved performance and robustness. A panel comprised of GAL3, CK19 and HBME1 is by far the most studied to date and offers some improvement over individual marker performance alone. However, relatively few marker panels have been studied and their performances and application as diagnostic tests have not been consistently reported. We present a comprehensive review of molecular marker panel studies for thyroid tumors and current issues and challenges. In the future, studies evaluating larger numbers of biomarkers in large patient cohorts are required for the development and validation of a clinically applicable test.
对于患有甲状腺结节疾病的个体，尤其是那些通过细针穿刺活检具有不确定细胞形态学特征的肿瘤，甲状腺癌的准确术前诊断仍然是一项重大挑战。为了开发更好的诊断工具，许多研究调查了许多不同RNA和蛋白质分子的鉴别潜力。然而，尚未发现任何单个甲状腺癌生物标志物具有足够的敏感性和特异性。因此，研究重点已转向多个标志物组合，希望能提高性能和稳健性。由GAL3、CK19和HBME1组成的组合是迄今为止研究最多的，与单独使用单个标志物相比有一定改进。然而，研究的标志物组合相对较少，其作为诊断测试的性能和应用也没有得到一致报道。我们对甲状腺肿瘤分子标志物组合研究以及当前问题和挑战进行了全面综述。未来，需要在大量患者队列中评估更多生物标志物的研究，以开发和验证临床适用的检测方法。
