Amillategui Blanca, Mora Epifanio, Calle José Ramón, Giralt Patricio
Fundación para la Diabetes, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2009 Feb;10(1):67-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2008.00457.x. Epub 2008 Aug 23.
To identify the special needs of children with type 1 diabetes at primary school taking into account the perceptions reported by parents, children, and teachers.
This was a cross-sectional survey carried out at nine public hospitals with a cohort of 6- to 13-yr-old children. Parents were personally informed about the objectives of the survey and the necessity to involve their children and the teachers. The self-reporting questionnaire included demographic information as well as some questions that helped to evaluate the general situation of children with type 1 diabetes at primary school, main worries about the disease, and possible improvement measures.
A total of 430 questionnaires were completed and validated of which 39% were filled in by parents, 35% by children, and 26% by teachers. The majority of children were 10-13 yr old and came from public schools. At school, most children required glucose monitoring, but few of them (9-12%) needed insulin administration. Some parents (7%) experienced problems at their schools when they informed them about their children's disease, 2% were finally not accepted, and 1% were forced to change school. Major children's concerns included the ability to recognize hypoglycemia or to self-administer insulin. Parents, teachers, and children demanded better information at school about diabetes and about emergency management.
The three population groups agreed about the necessity of having more available information on diabetes at schools. Although some discriminatory behavior was still occurring, it seemed it has been diminishing in recent years.
考虑家长、儿童和教师所报告的看法，确定小学1型糖尿病患儿的特殊需求。
这是一项在9家公立医院对6至13岁儿童队列进行的横断面调查。亲自向家长告知了调查目的以及让其孩子和教师参与的必要性。自填式问卷包括人口统计学信息以及一些有助于评估小学1型糖尿病患儿总体情况、对该疾病的主要担忧和可能的改进措施的问题。
共完成并验证了430份问卷，其中39%由家长填写，35%由儿童填写，26%由教师填写。大多数儿童年龄在10至13岁，来自公立学校。在学校，大多数儿童需要血糖监测，但其中很少有人（9%至12%）需要胰岛素注射。一些家长（7%）在向学校告知孩子病情时遇到问题，2%最终未被接受，1%被迫转学。儿童主要担忧包括识别低血糖或自行注射胰岛素的能力。家长、教师和儿童都要求学校提供更多关于糖尿病和应急处理的信息。
这三类人群一致认为学校有必要提供更多关于糖尿病的信息。尽管仍存在一些歧视行为，但近年来似乎在减少。
